SIRT1 in neurodevelopment and brain senescence.

SIRT1 in neurodevelopment and brain senescence.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuron.2014.01.028
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发表时间:
2014-02-05
期刊:
影响因子:
16.2
通讯作者:
Guarente L
Guarente L
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Herskovits AZ;Guarente L

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Sirtuins是烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD+)依赖性脱酰基酶,传统上与哺乳动物的热量限制和衰老有关。这些蛋白质在衰老过程中也在维持神经元健康方面发挥重要作用。在神经元发育过程中,SIR2直系同源物SIRT1在结构上很重要,促进轴突伸长、神经突生长和树突分支。这种sirtuin也通过调节突触可塑性在记忆形成中发挥作用。影响摄食行为、内分泌功能和昼夜节律的下丘脑功能都受到SIRT1的调节。最后,SIRT1在包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和运动神经元疾病在内的多种神经退行性疾病中发挥保护作用,这可能与其在代谢、抗应激和基因组稳定性方面的功能有关。激活SIRT1的药物可能为治疗这些疾病提供了一种有希望的方法。
Sirtuins are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacylases that have traditionally been linked with calorie restriction and aging in mammals. These proteins also play an important role in maintaining neuronal health during aging. During neuronal development, the SIR2 ortholog SIRT1 is structurally important, promoting axonal elongation, neurite outgrowth and dendritic branching. This sirtuin also plays a role in memory formation by modulating synaptic plasticity. Hypothalamic functions that affect feeding behavior, endocrine function and circadian rhythmicity are all regulated by SIRT1. Finally, SIRT1 plays protective roles in several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and motor neuron diseases, which may relate to its functions in metabolism, stress resistance and genomic stability. Drugs that activate SIRT1 may offer a promising approach to treat these disorders.
SIRT1 调节海马神经元树突状发育。
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