Animal models of mpox virus infection and disease.
Animal models of mpox virus infection and disease.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.imj.2023.05.004
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发表时间：
2023-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Liu, Quan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wei, Zheng-Kai;Zhao, Yi-Cheng;Wang, Ze-Dong;Sui, Li-Yan;Zhao, Ying-Hua;Liu, Quan
我们讨论了各种动物对猴痘病毒的易感性和病理特征。猴痘病毒的动物模型已被用于阐明发病机制、疫苗和药物开发。猴痘病毒的关键科学问题可以通过动物模型来解决。引起轻度天花样疾病的猴痘病毒（MPXV）在非洲流行了几十年，在世界其他地区也出现过散发病例。然而，最近主要在男男性行为者中爆发的麻疹疫情影响了几个大陆，造成了严重的全球公共卫生问题。感染表现出广泛的临床表现，从无症状感染到轻度、重度疾病，特别是在免疫功能低下的个体、幼儿和孕妇中。在动物模型中，针对天花开发的一些疗法和疫苗对MPXV历史分离株具有部分保护和治疗作用。然而，MPXV的持续进化产生了多个谱系，导致对其发病机制的认识存在重大空白，这限制了靶向抗病毒治疗和疫苗的发展。多种动物模型的MPXV感染为鉴定和比较当代和历史分离株的发病机制提供了一个中心平台。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了各种动物对MPXV的易感性，并描述了啮齿动物、兔子和非人灵长类动物模型的主要病理特征。我们还提供了动物模型在阐明病毒发病机制和评价疫苗和抗病毒药物有效性方面的应用实例。这些动物模型对于了解MPXV当代分离株的生物学和快速测试潜在的对策至关重要。最后，我们列出了一些MPXV可以通过动物模型解决的科学问题。
We discussed the susceptibility and pathologic features of various animals to monkeypox virus. Animal models of monkeypox virus have been used for elucidating pathogenesis, vaccine, and drug development. Key scientific questions of monkeypox virus could be resolved by animal models. Mpox (monkeypox) virus (MPXV), which causes a mild smallpox-like disease, has been endemic in Africa for several decades, with sporadic cases occurring in other parts of the world. However, the most recent outbreak of mpox mainly among men that have sex with men has affected several continents, posing serious global public health concerns. The infections exhibit a wide spectrum of clinical presentation, ranging from asymptomatic infection to mild, severe disease, especially in immunocompromised individuals, young children, and pregnant women. Some therapeutics and vaccines developed for smallpox have partial protective and therapeutic effects against MPXV historic isolates in animal models. However, the continued evolution of MPXV has produced multiple lineages, leading to significant gaps in the knowledge of their pathogenesis that constrain the development of targeted antiviral therapies and vaccines. MPXV infections in various animal models have provided a central platform for identification and comparison of diseased pathogenesis between the contemporary and historic isolates. In this review, we discuss the susceptibility of various animals to MPXV, and describe the key pathologic features of rodent, rabbit and nonhuman primate models. We also provide application examples of animal models in elucidating viral pathogenesis and evaluating effectiveness of vaccine and antiviral drugs. These animal models are essential to understand the biology of MPXV contemporary isolates and to rapidly test potential countermeasures. Finally, we list some remaining scientific questions of MPXV that can be resolved by animal models.
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影响因子：
6.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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3.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
Rocke TE