Direct measurement of the lamellipodial protrusive force in a migrating cell.
Direct measurement of the lamellipodial protrusive force in a migrating cell.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.200601159
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发表时间：
2006-09-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Radmacher M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Prass M;Jacobson K;Mogilner A;Radmacher M
人们对板状足突出的机制非常感兴趣（Pollard, T., and G. Borisy. 2003. Cell. 112:453–465）。然而，这种机制的终点之一，即突出力，从未被直接测量过。我们将原子力显微镜悬臂放置在角膜细胞迁移的路径上。悬臂的偏转发生在约 10 秒的时间内，可以直接测量片状足前缘施加的力。失速力与每微米前缘约 100 个聚合肌动蛋白丝一致，每个丝都充当弹性布朗棘轮并产生几皮牛顿的力。然而，从该测量中获得的力-速度曲线在非常小的负载下速度急剧下降，对低负载力不敏感，并且最终在大负载下迅速失速，与当前肌动蛋白聚合力的理论模型不一致。相反，这些曲线表明突出力的产生是一个涉及肌动蛋白和粘附动力学的复杂的多相过程。
There has been a great deal of interest in the mechanism of lamellipodial protrusion (Pollard, T., and G. Borisy. 2003. Cell. 112:453–465). However, one of this mechanism's endpoints, the force of protrusion, has never been directly measured. We place an atomic force microscopy cantilever in the path of a migrating keratocyte. The deflection of the cantilever, which occurs over a period of ∼10 s, provides a direct measure of the force exerted by the lamellipodial leading edge. Stall forces are consistent with ∼100 polymerizing actin filaments per micrometer of the leading edge, each working as an elastic Brownian ratchet and generating a force of several piconewtons. However, the force-velocity curves obtained from this measurement, in which velocity drops sharply under very small loads, is not sensitive to low loading forces, and finally stalls rapidly at large loads, are not consistent with current theoretical models for the actin polymerization force. Rather, the curves indicate that the protrusive force generation is a complex multiphase process involving actin and adhesion dynamics.
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