Systems science methods in public health: dynamics, networks, and agents.

Systems science methods in public health: dynamics, networks, and agents.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031210-101222
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发表时间:
2012-04
影响因子:
20.8
通讯作者:
Stamatakis KA
Stamatakis KA
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Luke DA;Stamatakis KA

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公共卫生领域有很多复杂的系统。复杂系统由异质元素组成,这些元素相互作用,具有无法通过理解系统的单个元素来解释的涌现特性,随着时间的推移而持续存在并适应不断变化的环境。公共卫生开始使用系统科学研究的结果来塑造实践和政策,例如在全球流行病的准备工作中。然而,系统科学的研究设计和分析方法仍然没有得到充分利用,在公共卫生课程或培训中没有得到广泛应用。在这篇综述中,我们提出了一个论点,在公共卫生系统科学方法的效用,介绍了三个重要的系统科学方法(系统动力学,网络分析和基于代理的建模),并提供了三个案例研究,这些方法已被用来回答重要的公共卫生科学问题,在传染病,烟草控制和肥胖症的领域。
Complex systems abound in public health. Complex systems are made up of heterogeneous elements that interact with one another, have emergent properties that are not explained by understanding the individual elements of the system, persist over time and adapt to changing circumstances. Public health is starting to use results from systems science studies to shape practice and policy, for example in preparing for global pandemics. However, systems science study designs and analytic methods remain underutilized and are not widely featured in public health curricula or training. In this review we present an argument for the utility of systems science methods in public health, introduce three important systems science methods (system dynamics, network analysis, and agent-based modeling), and provide three case studies where these methods have been used to answer important public health science questions in the areas of infectious disease, tobacco control, and obesity.
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