Use of Menthol Cigarettes, Smoking Frequency, and Nicotine Dependence Among US Youth.
Use of Menthol Cigarettes, Smoking Frequency, and Nicotine Dependence Among US Youth.
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DOI：
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.17144
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发表时间：
2022-06-01
影响因子：
13.8
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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吸薄荷醇香烟的青少年是否比不吸薄荷醇香烟的青少年更频繁地吸烟并表现出更大的尼古丁依赖症状？在这项以人群为基础的合并队列研究中，包括对1096名青少年吸烟者（基线年龄为12-17岁）的1492次观察，薄荷醇的使用与更频繁地吸烟和更高的尼古丁依赖评分有关，但从薄荷醇转向非薄荷醇香烟与吸烟频率和依赖性降低有关。这些发现表明，在香烟中添加薄荷醇会增加青少年吸烟的频率和对尼古丁的依赖。本队列研究评估了薄荷醇卷烟使用与吸烟频率和尼古丁依赖之间的关系。薄荷醇可能会使吸烟不那么令人厌恶，并可能导致年轻人更频繁地吸烟，变得更加依赖尼古丁。评估薄荷醇使用与青少年吸烟频率和尼古丁依赖（ND）的关系。该队列研究在烟草与健康研究的人口评估（2013年9月至2019年11月）中使用了美国青年队列（基线和随访访谈时年龄为12-17岁）的汇总样本。家庭访谈采用音频计算机辅助自我访谈进行。在第二波到第五波中吸烟超过30天的美国年轻人完成了之前的调查（例如，第二波吸烟超过30天的人完成了第一波），并表明他们是否使用薄荷香烟符合条件。使用治疗加权校正平均差异（aMDs）、校正风险比（aRRs）和相应的95% ci的逆概率来估计薄荷醇使用与吸烟频率和ND的关系。数据分析时间为2021年12月至2022年3月。薄荷醇的使用和使用的过渡（从薄荷烟切换到薄荷烟）。主要结局为过去30天内吸烟天数、频繁吸烟（过去30天内吸烟≥20天）的风险和ND症状。在1096名美国青少年吸烟者中共进行了1492次观察，其中49.4%为女性，67.2%为非西班牙裔白人，28.7%为12至14岁（所有百分比均加权）。在那些从不吸烟转变为吸烟的人（61%的样本）中，薄荷醇的使用与吸烟的时间增加了3.1天（aMD; 95% CI， 1.9至4.2天），成为频繁吸烟者的风险增加了59% (aRR, 1.59; 95% CI， 1.23至2.06)，ND评分增加了10% （aMD, 1.09; 95% CI， 1.02至1.17）。从吸薄荷醇转向吸非薄荷醇（与保持使用薄荷醇相比）与吸烟天数减少3.6天（aMD; 95% CI, - 6.3至- 0.9天）和成为频繁吸烟者的风险降低47%相关（aRR, 0.68; 95% CI， 0.50至0.92）。这些发现表明，在香烟中添加薄荷醇与美国年轻人吸烟频率增加和ND有关。
Do youth menthol cigarette smokers smoke more frequently and display greater symptoms of nicotine dependence than youth nonmenthol cigarette smokers? In this population-based pooled cohort study including 1492 observations of 1096 youth cigarette smokers (aged 12-17 years at their baseline and follow-up interviews), menthol use was associated with smoking more frequently and with having higher nicotine dependence scores, but switching from menthol to nonmenthol cigarettes was associated with reduced smoking frequency and dependence. These findings suggest that the addition of menthol to cigarettes could increase smoking frequency and nicotine dependence among youth. This cohort study assesses the association of menthol cigarette use with smoking frequency and nicotine dependence among youth cigarettes users. Menthol may make cigarette smoke less aversive and could lead youth to smoke more frequently and become more dependent on nicotine. To assess the association of menthol use with cigarette smoking frequency and nicotine dependence (ND) among youth cigarettes users. This cohort study used a pooled sample of cohorts of US youth (aged 12-17 years at their baseline and follow-up interviews) in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (September 2013 to November 2019). Household interviews were conducted using audio computer-assisted self-interviews. US youth who were past-30-day cigarette smokers at any of wave 2 through wave 5, completed the preceding survey (eg, wave 2 past-30-day cigarette smokers completed wave 1), and indicated whether they used menthol cigarettes were eligible. The association of menthol use with smoking frequency and ND was estimated using inverse probability of treatment weighting adjusted mean differences (aMDs), adjusted risk ratios (aRRs), and corresponding 95% CIs. Data were analyzed from December 2021 to March 2022. Menthol use and transitions in use (switching to or from menthol cigarettes). Main outcomes were the number of days smoked in the past 30 days, the risk of frequent smoking (smoking ≥20 days in the past 30 days), and symptoms of ND. There were a total of 1492 observations among 1096 US youth cigarette smokers, of whom 49.4% were female, 67.2% were non-Hispanic White, and 28.7% were aged 12 to 14 years at their baseline survey (all percentages are weighted). Among those who switched from not smoking to smoking (61% of the sample), menthol use was associated with smoking on 3.1 additional days (aMD; 95% CI, 1.9 to 4.2 days), 59% higher risk of being a frequent smoker (aRR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.06), and 10% higher ND scores (aMD, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.17). Switching from smoking menthol to smoking nonmenthol (vs maintaining menthol use) was associated with smoking on 3.6 fewer days (aMD; 95% CI, −6.3 to −0.9 days) and 47% lower risk of being a frequent smoker (aRR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.50 to 0.92). These findings suggest that the addition of menthol to cigarettes is associated with increased smoking frequency and ND among US youth.
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