Hyaenas and early humans in the latest Early Pleistocene of South-Western Europe.
Hyaenas and early humans in the latest Early Pleistocene of South-Western Europe.
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最新的西南欧早更新世的鬣狗和早期人类。
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-021-03547-7
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发表时间：
2021-12-15
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Walker MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Linares-Matás GJ;Fernández Ruiz N;Haber Uriarte M;López Martínez M;Walker MJ
在整个更新世，早期人类和食肉动物经常出没于洞穴和大型岩石庇护所，通常会产生骨骼堆积。在Cueva Negra del Estrecho del Río Quípar（CNERQ）保存完好的早更新世晚期沉积序列提供了大量关于西欧早期人类行为和适应技能的证据，如屠宰实践，石器技术或抚育火，同时也见证了食肉动物的骨骼改变活动。最近的野外工作，允许重新检查的空间和埋藏性质的大型底栖动物组合从上层复杂2。这些地层与大多数底层序列有些不同，显示出大型哺乳动物的颅骨和后颅骨的高度代表性，包括几个Megaloceros carthaginiensis鹿角。在Cueva Negra发现的Crocuta sp.代表了欧亚大陆西部最早的该属物种之一。几个少年鳄鱼属物种的鉴定。仍然与粪化石和食肉动物损害的骨头，表明零星的鬣狗denning活动。此外，在几块锤石附近发现的带有敲击和切割痕迹的骨头表明，尽管有限，但明显存在人为输入。我们解释了现有的埋藏和空间证据，从这些层反映了一个多模式的palimpidae，可能代表的非同时和短暂的共存的鬣狗，人类，和其他小型食肉动物在Cueva Negra palaeolandscape在沉积的最后阶段保存在网站。
Throughout the Pleistocene, early humans and carnivores frequented caves and large rock-shelters, usually generating bone accumulations. The well-preserved late Early Pleistocene sedimentary sequence at Cueva Negra del Estrecho del Río Quípar (CNERQ) has provided substantial evidence concerning the behavioural and adaptive skills of early humans in Western Europe, such as butchery practices, lithic technology or tending fire, whilst also bearing witness to the bone-altering activities of carnivores. Recent fieldwork has allowed the re-examination of the spatial and taphonomical nature of the macrofaunal assemblage from the upper layers of Complex 2. These layers are somewhat different from most of the underlying sequence, in showing quite a high representation of cranial and post-cranial bones of large mammals, including several Megaloceros carthaginiensis antlers. The presence of Crocuta sp. at Cueva Negra represents one of the earliest instances of this genus in Western Eurasia. Identification of several juvenile Crocuta sp. remains alongside coprolites and bones with carnivore damage, indicates sporadical hyaenid denning activity. Furthermore, the presence of bones with percussion and cut-marks near to several hammerstones suggests a clear albeit limited anthropogenic input. We interpret the available taphonomical and spatial evidence from these layers as reflecting a multi-patterned palimpsest, likely representing the non-simultaneous and short-lived co-existence of hyaenas, humans, and other small carnivores in the Cueva Negra palaeolandscape during the final phase of sedimentation preserved at the site.
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影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Bourguignon, Laurence;Crochet, Jean-Yves;De Weyer, Louis
通讯作者：
De Weyer, Louis
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Agusti, Jordi;Blain, Hugues-Alexandre;Sala, Robert
通讯作者：
Sala, Robert
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Angel Mate-Gonzalez, Miguel;Gonzalez-Aguilera, Diego;Yravedra, Jose
通讯作者：
Yravedra, Jose
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
BINFORD, LR;MILLS, MGL;STONE, NM
通讯作者：
STONE, NM
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Campana, I.;Perez-Gonzalez, A.;Arsuaga, J. L.
通讯作者：
Arsuaga, J. L.