Natural hazard threats to pollinators and pollination
Natural hazard threats to pollinators and pollination
复制标题
对授粉媒介和授粉的自然灾害威胁
作者：
C. Nicholson;P. Egan
自然灾害是自然发生的物理事件，通过对生态系统及其提供的服务的冲击，可以直接和间接地影响人类福祉。动物介导的授粉对于维持农业经济和生物多样性至关重要，但由于目前暴露于自然灾害，以及未来气候驱动的分布，频率和强度变化，动物介导的授粉可能会受到损失。与人类相关威胁的知识深度相反，我们对自然发生的极端事件如何影响授粉者和授粉的理解尚未得到综合。我们进行了系统性综述和Meta分析，以检查自然灾害对自然和栽培系统中传粉者和授粉的潜在影响。从总共117项研究（其中74%是观察性的）中，我们发现了七种灾害类型对植物和传粉者的群落和种群水平影响的证据，包括气候（极端高温，火灾，干旱），水文（洪水），气象（飓风）和地球物理（火山活动，海啸）。植物和传粉者的反应取决于自然灾害的类型和观察到的生物组织的水平; 19%的情况下，报告没有重大影响，而大多数危害具有一致的负面影响。然而，火的影响是混合的，但类群具体; Meta分析显示，蜜蜂的丰度和物种丰富度往往增加火灾的反应，不同的主要是消极的反应鳞翅目。基于这一综合，我们强调了以授粉为重点的自然灾害研究的重要未来方向，包括需要：（a）通过更好地纳入“冲击”事件，推动气候变化研究超越静态的“平均水平”变化;（B）确定更高层次的组织影响，包括生态网络和共同进化历史;以及（c）解决作物授粉服务研究方面的显著差距-特别是在世界发展中地区。最后，我们讨论了在全球气候变化的影响，保障授粉服务。
Natural hazards are naturally occurring physical events that can impact human welfare both directly and indirectly, via shocks to ecosystems and the services they provide. Animal‐mediated pollination is critical for sustaining agricultural economies and biodiversity, yet stands to lose both from present exposure to natural hazards, and future climate‐driven shifts in their distribution, frequency, and intensity. In contrast to the depth of knowledge available for anthropogenic‐related threats, our understanding of how naturally occurring extreme events impact pollinators and pollination has not yet been synthesized. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to examine the potential impacts of natural hazards on pollinators and pollination in natural and cultivated systems. From a total of 117 studies (74% of which were observational), we found evidence of community and population‐level impacts to plants and pollinators from seven hazard types, including climatological (extreme heat, fire, drought), hydrological (flooding), meteorological (hurricanes), and geophysical (volcanic activity, tsunamis). Plant and pollinator response depended on the type of natural hazard and level of biological organization observed; 19% of cases reported no significant impact, whereas the majority of hazards held consistent negative impacts. However, the effects of fire were mixed, but taxa specific; meta‐analysis revealed that bee abundance and species richness tended to increase in response to fire, differing significantly from the mainly negative response of Lepidoptera. Building from this synthesis, we highlight important future directions for pollination‐focused natural hazard research, including the need to: (a) advance climate change research beyond static “mean‐level” changes by better incorporating “shock” events; (b) identify impacts at higher levels of organization, including ecological networks and co‐evolutionary history; and (c) address the notable gap in crop pollination services research—particularly in developing regions of the world. We conclude by discussing implications for safeguarding pollination services in the face of global climate change.
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Scaven VL;Rafferty NE
通讯作者：
Rafferty NE