Population collapse and retreat to fire refugia of the Tasmanian endemic conifer Athrotaxis selaginoides following the transition from Aboriginal to European fire management
Population collapse and retreat to fire refugia of the Tasmanian endemic conifer Athrotaxis selaginoides following the transition from Aboriginal to European fire management
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从原住民火灾管理转向欧洲火灾管理后，塔斯马尼亚特有针叶树 Athrotaxis selaginoides 的数量锐减并撤退到火灾保护区
DOI：
10.1111/gcb.15031
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Bowman, David M. J. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holz, Andrés;Wood, Sam W.;Ward, Carly;Veblen, Thomas T.;Bowman, David M. J. S.
弄清景观、火灾干扰、人类活动和气候之间的微妙关系，是理解火灾敏感植物物种数量迅速下降的关键。利用时间和空间尺度上的多条证据线(植被调查、林分结构分析、树木年代学和火灾历史重建)，我们记录了塔斯马尼亚南部偏远山地集水区长期存活的地方性塔斯马尼亚针叶树--卷柏节肢动物--的景观规模种群崩溃。我们通过塔斯马尼亚地区对该物种被火烧死和未被烧死的种群的地理空间分析，将这项基于现场的研究结果与背景联系起来。在1802年欧洲开始殖民之后，人口下降，扰乱了土著景观的燃烧。在欧洲殖民之前，火灾事件很少发生，但之后频率急剧上升。树木年代学分析表明，重建的火灾年与异常温暖/干燥的条件有关，与低于平均水平的径流有关，并与南环状模式有很强的遥相关。欧洲殖民后发生的多起火灾几乎导致了OFA的全部死亡。并导致明显的植物区系、结构植被和燃料负荷的变化。被烧毁的林分几乎没有再生能力。在欧洲殖民之前的一段时间里，被火烧死的成虫的树木重建显示出持续的招募。总而言之，我们的发现表明，这种对火敏感的冈德瓦南针叶树能够坚持被原住民塔斯马尼亚人焚烧，尽管偶尔会发生大范围的森林火灾。相比之下，欧洲的焚烧导致了对FA的限制。塞拉吉诺斯是最好的地形避难所。由区域干旱和变暖趋势以及人类和闪电引发的火灾日益频繁地破坏了火灾避难所；因此，生存下来的塔斯马尼亚冈德瓦南物种需要持续和有针对性的火灾管理。
Untangling the nuanced relationships between landscape, fire disturbance, human agency, and climate is key to understanding rapid population declines of fire‐sensitive plant species. Using multiple lines of evidence across temporal and spatial scales (vegetation survey, stand structure analysis, dendrochronology, and fire history reconstruction), we document landscape‐scale population collapse of the long‐lived, endemic Tasmanian coniferAthrotaxis selaginoidesin remote montane catchments in southern Tasmania. We contextualized the findings of this field‐based study with a Tasmanian‐wide geospatial analysis of fire‐killed and unburned populations of the species. Population declines followed European colonization commencing in 1802adthat disrupted Aboriginal landscape burning. Prior to European colonization, fire events were infrequent but frequency sharply increased afterwards. Dendrochronological analysis revealed that reconstructed fire years were associated with abnormally warm/dry conditions, with below‐average streamflow, and were strongly teleconnected to the Southern Annular Mode. The multiple fires that followed European colonization caused near total mortality ofA. selaginoidesand resulted in pronounced floristic, structural vegetation, and fuel load changes. Burned stands have very few regeneratingA. selaginoidesjuveniles yet tree‐establishment reconstruction of fire‐killed adults exhibited persistent recruitment in the period prior to European colonization. Collectively, our findings indicate that this fire‐sensitive Gondwanan conifer was able to persist with burning by Aboriginal Tasmanians, despite episodic widespread forest fires. By contrast, European burning led to the restriction ofA. selaginoidesto prime topographic fire refugia. Increasingly, frequent fires caused by regional dry and warming trends and increased ignitions by humans and lightning are breaching fire refugia; hence, the survival Tasmanian Gondwanan species demands sustained and targeted fire management.
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影响因子：
11.6
作者：
Bowman, David M. J. S.;Murphy, Brett P.;Prior, Lynda D.
通讯作者：
Prior, Lynda D.
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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