Shieldin complex promotes DNA end-joining and counters homologous recombination in BRCA1-null cells.

Shieldin complex promotes DNA end-joining and counters homologous recombination in BRCA1-null cells.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41556-018-0140-1
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发表时间:
2018-08
影响因子:
21.3
通讯作者:
Jackson SP
Jackson SP
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dev H;Chiang TW;Lescale C;de Krijger I;Martin AG;Pilger D;Coates J;Sczaniecka-Clift M;Wei W;Ostermaier M;Herzog M;Lam J;Shea A;Demir M;Wu Q;Yang F;Fu B;Lai Z;Balmus G;Belotserkovskaya R;Serra V;O'Connor MJ;Bruna A;Beli P;Pellegrini L;Caldas C;Deriano L;Jacobs JJL;Galanty Y;Jackson SP

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BRCA1 deficiencies cause breast, ovarian, prostate and other cancers, and render tumours hypersensitive to PARP inhibitors. To understand resistance mechanisms, we conducted whole-genome CRISPR-Cas9 synthetic-viability/resistance screens in BRCA1-deficient breast cancer cells treated with PARP inhibitors. We identified two previously uncharacterized proteins, C20orf196 and FAM35A, whose inactivation confers strong PARP-inhibitor resistance. Mechanistically, we show C20orf196 and FAM35A form a complex, “Shieldin” (SHLD1/2), with FAM35A interacting with single-stranded DNA via its C-terminal OB fold region. We establish that Shieldin acts as the downstream effector of 53BP1/RIF1/MAD2L2 to promote DNA double-strand break (DSB) end-joining through restricting DSB resection and counteract homologous recombination by antagonising BRCA2/RAD51 loading in BRCA1-deficient cells. Notably, Shieldin inactivation further sensitises BRCA1-deficient cells to cisplatin, suggesting how defining the SHLD1/2 status of BRCA1-deficient tumours might aid patient stratification and yield new treatment opportunities. Highlighting this potential, we document reduced SHLD1/2 expression in human breast cancers displaying intrinsic or acquired PARP-inhibitor resistance.
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