Using routine programmatic data to measure HIV incidence among pregnant women in Botswana.

Using routine programmatic data to measure HIV incidence among pregnant women in Botswana.
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DOI:
10.1186/s12963-022-00287-2
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发表时间:
2022-03-04
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Ledikwe J
Ledikwe J
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ortblad KF;Mawandia S;Bakae O;Tau L;Grande M;Mogomotsi GP;Mmatli E;Ngombo M;Seckel L;Heffron R;Pintye J;Ledikwe J

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撒哈拉以南非洲地区的孕妇感染艾滋病毒的风险很高,但使用常规监测系统测量孕产妇艾滋病毒感染率的方法尚不明确。我们使用博茨瓦纳常规产前护理 (ANC) HIV 检测的程序数据来衡量现实世界怀孕期间的 HIV 发病率。 2018年1月至2019年9月,博茨瓦纳卫生和保健部在139个ANC诊所实施了艾滋病毒检测计划。该程序捕获了有关测试者年龄、测试日期和结果以及抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART) 启动的信息。在我们的分析中,我们排除了在第一次 ANC 就诊之前曾检测出 HIV 呈阳性的个体。我们将艾滋病毒感染事件定义为,在 ANC 之前的 HIV 阴性结果之后,在 ANC 就诊时检测出 HIV 阳性。总体而言,29,570 名孕妇(中位年龄 26 岁,IQR 22-31)在 ANC 诊所接受了 HIV 检测:3% (836) 在第一次记录的 ANC 就诊时检测出 HIV 阳性,97% (28,734) 检测出 HIV 阴性。在 HIV 检测呈阴性的人中,28% (7940/28,734) 在 ANC 记录了重复的 HIV 检测。 HIV 重新检测的中位时间为 92 天 (IQR 70-112)。总共检测到 17 例先前未确诊的 HIV 感染者(HIV 发病率为每 1000 人年 8 例,95% CI 0.5-1.3)。在 ANC 新诊断出 HIV 的女性 (853) 中,开始接受 ART 治疗的比例为 88% (671/762)。在博茨瓦纳,ANC 孕妇的实际艾滋病毒感染率仍然高于艾滋病毒流行控制水平(每 1000 人年≤1 例)。这项研究展示了艾滋病毒规划数据如何能够及时回答人口层面的流行病学问题,并为艾滋病毒预防和治疗项目的持续实施提供信息。
Pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa have high risk of HIV acquisition, yet approaches for measuring maternal HIV incidence using routine surveillance systems are undefined. We used programmatic data from routine antenatal care (ANC) HIV testing in Botswana to measure real-world HIV incidence during pregnancy. From January 2018 to September 2019, the Botswana Ministry of Health and Wellness implemented an HIV testing program at 139 ANC clinics. The program captured information on testers’ age, testing date and result, and antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation. In our analysis, we excluded individuals who previously tested HIV-positive prior to their first ANC visit. We defined incident HIV infection as testing HIV-positive at an ANC visit after a prior HIV-negative result within ANC. Overall, 29,570 pregnant women (median age 26 years, IQR 22–31) tested for HIV at ANC clinics: 3% (836) tested HIV-positive at their first recorded ANC visit and 97% tested HIV-negative (28,734). Of those who tested HIV-negative, 28% (7940/28,734) had a repeat HIV test recorded at ANC. The median time to HIV re-testing was 92 days (IQR 70–112). In total, 17 previously undiagnosed HIV infections were detected (HIV incidence 8 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 0.5–1.3). ART initiation among women newly diagnosed with HIV at ANC (853) was 88% (671/762). In Botswana, real-world HIV incidence among pregnant women at ANC remains above levels of HIV epidemic control (≤ 1 per 1000 person-years). This study shows how HIV programmatic data can answer timely population-level epidemiological questions and inform ongoing implementation of HIV prevention and treatment programs.
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