Dietary intake, exercise, obesity and noncommunicable disease in rural and urban populations of three Pacific Island countries.
Dietary intake, exercise, obesity and noncommunicable disease in rural and urban populations of three Pacific Island countries.
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三个太平洋岛国农村和城市人口的膳食摄入、运动、肥胖和非传染性疾病。
DOI：
10.1080/07315724.1992.10718229
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发表时间：
1992
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Wang,RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taylor,R;Badcock,J;King,H;Pargeter,K;Zimmet,P;Fred,T;Lund,M;Ringrose,H;Bach,F;Wang,RL
采用调整后的24小时膳食回忆法对三个太平洋岛国的农村和城市社区进行膳食摄入调查。膳食调查样本取自斐济的美拉尼西亚人和印度人、基里巴斯的密克罗尼西亚人和瓦努阿图的美拉尼西亚人的非传染性疾病调查。总能量和常量营养素摄入量以及肥胖、高血压、糖尿病、血清胆固醇和体力活动水平的比较显示出农村/城市相似的趋势。城市人比农村人更肥胖，糖尿病和高血压的患病率更高，胆固醇水平也普遍较高。与城市居民相比，农村居民更瘦，患糖尿病和高血压的人更少，总能量摄入也更多。农村居民摄入的碳水化合物比例更高，而城市居民摄入的蛋白质和脂肪比例更高，除了基里巴斯外环礁居民的椰子摄入量较高。在所有三项研究中，农村受试者的体力活动水平都较高。这些研究提供了有说服力的证据，表明运动和饮食对城乡肥胖和非传染性疾病的差异有重大影响，并且能量摄入反映了能量消耗。
Dietary intake surveys of rural and urban communities in three Pacific Island countries were conducted using an adjusted 24-hour dietary recall method. Dietary survey samples were drawn from noncommunicable disease surveys of Melanesians and Indians in Fiji, Micronesians in Kiribati and Melanesians in Vanuatu. Comparisons of total energy and macronutrient intakes and of obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, serum cholesterol and physical activity levels revealed similar rural/urban trends. Urban subjects were more obese than rural ones, had higher prevalence rates of diabetes and hypertension, and generally had higher cholesterol levels. Rural subjects were leaner, suffered less from diabetes and hypertension, and had greater total energy intakes than urban dwellers. Rural people ate a greater proportion of carbohydrates, while urban subjects ate proportionally more protein and fat, apart from the outer Kiribati atolls with high coconut intakes. Rural subjects in all three studies had higher levels of physical activity. These studies provide persuasive evidence that exercise as well as diet has a significant effect on rural/urban differentials in obesity and noncommunicable disease, and that energy intake reflects energy expenditure.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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