Mindfulness interventions improve momentary and trait measures of attentional control: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial.
Mindfulness interventions improve momentary and trait measures of attentional control: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial.
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DOI：
10.1037/xge0000969
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发表时间：
2021-04
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Creswell, J. David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chin, Brian;Lindsay, Emily K.;Greco, Carol M.;Brown, Kirk Warren;Smyth, Joshua M.;Wright, Aidan G. C.;Creswell, J. David
关键词：
正念干预已被证明可以改善注意力的几个子组成部分；然而，推动这些改善的心理机制尚不清楚。正念干预训练个人监控当下的经历；同时对这些经历采取接受的态度。我们进行了一项理论驱动的随机对照试验，以测试推动注意力控制改善的正念训练的推定机制。参与者被随机分配到以下三种条件之一：(i) 监测和接受 (MA) 培训，这是一项标准的 8 周 MBSR 干预措施，包括培养监测和接受技能； (ii) 仅监测 (MO) 培训，这是一种经过适当修改的为期 8 周的 MBSR 干预措施，仅侧重于监测技能； (iii) 无治疗 (NT) 对照。通过基线和干预后三天的生态瞬时评估来测量瞬时注意力控制。使用传统的自我报告在基线和干预后评估特质注意力控制。参与者还完成了二分听力任务，以评估基线和干预后的持续注意力。我们发现，相对于 NT 参与者，MA 和 MO 参与者在瞬时和特质注意力控制（但不是注意力任务表现）方面有所改善。间接效应分析与瞬时注意力控制增加部分解释与 MA/MO 干预相关的特质注意力控制增加的可能性一致。这项随机对照试验提供了对正念干预机制的首批实验测试之一，以推动注意力结果的改善。这些发现支持这样一种观点，即以当下为中心的监控技能训练可以推动与正念干预相关的瞬时注意力控制的改善，进而促进更大的特质注意力控制。
Mindfulness interventions have been shown to improve several subcomponents of attention; however, the psychological mechanisms driving these improvements are unknown. Mindfulness interventions train individuals to monitor present moment experiences; while adopting an attitude of acceptance towards these experiences. We conducted a theoretically-driven randomized controlled trial to test the putative mechanisms of mindfulness training that drive improvements in attentional control. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (i) Monitor & Accept (MA) training, a standard 8-week MBSR intervention that included cultivation of both monitoring and acceptance skills; (ii) Monitor Only (MO) training, a well-matched modified 8-week MBSR-adapted intervention that focused on monitoring skills only; or (iii) No Treatment (NT) control. Momentary attentional control was measured via ecological momentary assessment for three days at baseline and post-intervention. Trait attentional control was assessed at baseline and post-intervention using traditional self-report. Participants also completed a dichotic listening task to assess sustained attention at baseline and post-intervention. We found that MA and MO participants improved in momentary and trait attentional control (but not attention task performance) relative to NT participants. Analysis of indirect effects were consistent with the possibility that increased momentary attentional control partially accounts for MA/MO intervention-related increases in trait attentional control. This randomized controlled trial provides one of the first experimental tests of the mechanisms of mindfulness interventions that drive improvements in attention outcomes. These findings support the notion that present-focused monitoring skills training drives mindfulness intervention-related improvements in momentary attentional control, which in turn fosters greater trait attentional control.
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影响因子：
5
作者：
COHEN, S;KAMARCK, T;MERMELSTEIN, R
通讯作者：
MERMELSTEIN, R
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
de Bruin EI;van der Zwan JE;Bögels SM
通讯作者：
Bögels SM
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Britton WB;Davis JH;Loucks EB;Peterson B;Cullen BH;Reuter L;Rando A;Rahrig H;Lipsky J;Lindahl JR
通讯作者：
Lindahl JR
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Judah, Matt R.;Grant, DeMond M.;Lechner, William V.
通讯作者：
Lechner, William V.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Derryberry, D;Reed, MA
通讯作者：
Reed, MA