Eocene metatherians from Anatolia illuminate the assembly of an island fauna during Deep Time.
Eocene metatherians from Anatolia illuminate the assembly of an island fauna during Deep Time.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0206181
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Beard KC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Métais G;Coster PM;Kappelman JR;Licht A;Ocakoğlu F;Taylor MH;Beard KC
岛屿生物群对进化生物学的历史和发展产生了不成比例的影响，但由于化石记录不佳，因此无法了解它们在地质时间尺度上的起源和进化。在这里，我们增加了岛屿始新世（~43马）哺乳动物群已知的从Pontide的Pontide的安纳托利亚中部描述两个新的metatherian分类群（干有袋动物）从Lülük成员的Uzunçarıdere组在Orhaniye盆地。地质学和古生物学资料表明，在始新世中期，庞蒂德岛是新特提斯岛北方边缘的一个岛屿。始新世的Pontide Escheriche反映了其在活跃的构造收敛区域的地球动力学背景，承载了劳亚和冈瓦纳哺乳动物的独特组合，包括一个时代错误的辐射pleuraspidotheriids（古老的有蹄类动物），在欧洲大陆灭绝约13 Ma前。大多数哺乳动物的分支占据Pontide Escheriche殖民它的分散跨越海洋障碍，而不是被困在那里通过替代。Pleuraspidotheriid有蹄类和polydolopimorphian metatherians在Pontide的地方辐射揭示，在原地多样化是一个重要因素，有助于区系组装和进化。在庞蒂德岛上出现的岛屿动物群与现代苏拉威西岛的动物群非常相似，后者在惊人相似的地质条件下进化。说明了短暂的性质，岛屿biobacteria在宏观进化的时间尺度，消亡的Pontide动物群恰逢古地理的变化，使更多的世界性类群，以达到它的第一次。Uzunçarıdere组的哺乳动物区系显示出的高度特有性消除了Pontide Escheriche作为西欧和印度之间的潜在早始新世扩散走廊。
Island biotas have disproportionately influenced the history and development of evolutionary biology, but understanding their genesis and evolution across geological timescales has been hindered by a poor fossil record. Here we augment the insular Eocene (~43 Ma) mammalian fauna known from the Pontide terrane of central Anatolia by describing two new metatherian taxa (stem marsupials) from the Lülük Member of the Uzunçarşıdere Formation in the Orhaniye Basin. Geological and paleontological data indicate that the Pontide terrane was an island on the northern margin of Neotethys during the middle Eocene. Reflecting its geodynamic context in a region of active tectonic convergence, the Eocene Pontide terrane hosted a unique combination of Laurasian and Gondwanan mammals, including an anachronistic radiation of pleuraspidotheriids (archaic ungulates) that went extinct on the European mainland ~13 Ma earlier. Most of the mammalian clades occupying the Pontide terrane colonized it by dispersal across marine barriers rather than being stranded there through vicariance. Endemic radiations of pleuraspidotheriid ungulates and polydolopimorphian metatherians on the Pontide terrane reveal that in situ diversification was an important factor contributing to faunal assembly and evolution. The insular fauna that arose on the Pontide terrane is highly analogous to that of modern Sulawesi, which evolved under strikingly similar geological conditions. Illustrating the ephemeral nature of insular biotas across macroevolutionary timescales, the demise of the Pontide fauna coincided with paleogeographic changes enabling more cosmopolitan taxa to reach it for the first time. The high level of endemism shown by the mammalian fauna of the Uzunçarşıdere Formation eliminates the Pontide terrane as a potential early Eocene dispersal corridor between western Europe and India.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1801143115
发表时间：
2018-05-08
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Csiki-Sava, Zoltan;Vremir, Matyas;Norell, Mark A.
通讯作者：
Norell, Mark A.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Maga AM;Beck RMD
通讯作者：
Beck RMD
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
De Bast, Eric;Sige, Bernard;Smith, Thierry
通讯作者：
Smith, Thierry
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
FOX, RC
通讯作者：
FOX, RC
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Jones, Matthew F.;Coster, Pauline M. C.;Beard, K. Christopher
通讯作者：
Beard, K. Christopher