Type I Interferons in Bacterial Infections: A Balancing Act.

Type I Interferons in Bacterial Infections: A Balancing Act.
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DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2016.00652
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Ebner F
Ebner F
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kovarik P;Castiglia V;Ivin M;Ebner F

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防御细菌感染需要激活免疫反应以及及时重建组织和免疫稳态。体内平衡的恢复对于组织再生、伤口愈合和宿主恢复至关重要。最近的研究表明,严重的传染病往往是由于体内平衡过程的失败,而不是由于病原体根除不力。I型干扰素(IFN)似乎在这些过程中发挥了关键作用。值得注意的是,I型IFN参与细菌损伤后免疫和组织稳态的调节,可能对宿主产生有益或有害的后果。I型干扰素的这种矛盾功能的原因尚不清楚。I型IFN对细菌感染的不同作用与它们在大多数病毒感染中的良好保护作用形成鲜明对比。在这篇综述中,我们将集中在I型IFN效应机制,在特定的细菌感染过程中参与免疫和组织稳态的平衡过程,并强调在我们的理解I型IFN功能的最重要的缺失环节。
Defense against bacterial infections requires activation of the immune response as well as timely reestablishment of tissue and immune homeostasis. Instauration of homeostasis is critical for tissue regeneration, wound healing, and host recovery. Recent studies revealed that severe infectious diseases frequently result from failures in homeostatic processes rather than from inefficient pathogen eradication. Type I interferons (IFN) appear to play a key role in such processes. Remarkably, the involvement of type I IFNs in the regulation of immune and tissue homeostasis upon bacterial insult may have beneficial or detrimental consequences for the host. The reasons for such ambivalent function of type I IFNs are not understood. The disparate effects of type I IFNs on bacterial infections are in marked contrast to their well-established protective roles in most viral infections. In this review, we will focus on type I IFN effector mechanisms which balance processes involved in immune and tissue homeostasis during specific bacterial infections and highlight the most important missing links in our understanding of type I IFN functions.
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