ROS and brain diseases: the good, the bad, and the ugly.
ROS and brain diseases: the good, the bad, and the ugly.
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DOI：
10.1155/2013/963520
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Buga AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Popa-Wagner A;Mitran S;Sivanesan S;Chang E;Buga AM
大脑是氧气的主要代谢者，但具有相对较弱的保护性抗氧化机制。本文综述了活性氧的两面性质。它将描述适度诱导的活性氧的积极方面，但它也将概述最近的研究结果，关于氧化和硝基氧化应激对神经精神疾病，包括抑郁症的神经元结构和功能的影响。包括精神分裂症和ADHD在内的所有神经精神疾病的共同点是大脑的炎症反应增加，这是由发育期间暴露于促炎剂或成年大脑中变性神经元、氧化蛋白、糖化产物或脂质过氧化的积累引起的。因此，促氧化剂-抗氧化剂平衡的调节提供了一种治疗选择，其可用于改善响应于氧化应激的神经保护。我们还讨论了核因子红细胞2相关因子（Nrf 2）在老年脑中对氧化应激和纳米颗粒介导的ROS清除药物的神经保护作用。抗氧化治疗是一种新的治疗策略。然而，现有的药物具有多效性作用，并且在临床上没有完全表征。需要更多的临床试验来评估抗氧化剂治疗神经精神疾病的风险和益处。
The brain is a major metabolizer of oxygen and yet has relatively feeble protective antioxidant mechanisms. This paper reviews the Janus-faced properties of reactive oxygen species. It will describe the positive aspects of moderately induced ROS but it will also outline recent research findings concerning the impact of oxidative and nitrooxidative stress on neuronal structure and function in neuropsychiatric diseases, including major depression. A common denominator of all neuropsychiatric diseases including schizophrenia and ADHD is an increased inflammatory response of the brain caused either by an exposure to proinflammatory agents during development or an accumulation of degenerated neurons, oxidized proteins, glycated products, or lipid peroxidation in the adult brain. Therefore, modulation of the prooxidant-antioxidant balance provides a therapeutic option which can be used to improve neuroprotection in response to oxidative stress. We also discuss the neuroprotective role of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) in the aged brain in response to oxidative stressors and nanoparticle-mediated delivery of ROS-scavenging drugs. The antioxidant therapy is a novel therapeutic strategy. However, the available drugs have pleiotropic actions and are not fully characterized in the clinic. Additional clinical trials are needed to assess the risks and benefits of antioxidant therapies for neuropsychiatric disorders.
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