Prediction of inflows into Lake Kariba using a combination of physical and empirical models

Prediction of inflows into Lake Kariba using a combination of physical and empirical models
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使用物理和经验模型相结合预测卡里巴湖的流入量

DOI:
10.1002/joc.4513
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
International Journal of Climatology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Muchuru S
Muchuru S
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Muchuru S

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季节性气候预测是在世界各地的各个气候预测中心实际进行的。然而,这些预测可能不一定会适当地集成到应用模型中以帮助决策过程。本研究调查了如何使用物理模型和经验模型相结合来预测南部非洲卡里巴湖的季节性流入量。考虑两个预测系统。第一个使用赞比西河上游流域之前的季节性降雨总量作为统计模型中的预测因子,以估计卡里巴湖的季节性流入量。第二种更复杂的方法使用海洋-大气耦合大气环流模型(CGCM)预测的低层大气环流,该模型缩小到流入量。提供五个连续 3 个月季节的预测验证结果;从 9 月到 6 月,为期 14 年的独立后报期间(1995/1996 至 2008/2009)。使用相对操作特性(ROC)和可靠性图进行验证。除了提供的验证统计数据外,还根据经济价值对后报进行评估,作为官僚和公众预测质量的有用指标。一般来说,模型在 DJF(季节性流入季节开始)的南方仲夏季节和 MAM(主要流入季节)秋季表现最佳。此外,使用 CGCM 输出的预测系统优于简单的统计方法。对最近发生的洪水事件(2010/2011 年)的额外预测(该事件超出了 14 年验证窗口)的提出,是为了进一步证明预测系统在导致该地区社会和基础设施问题的高流量季节的运行能力。
Seasonal climate forecasts are operationally produced at various climate prediction centres around the world. However, these forecasts may not necessarily be appropriately integrated into application models in order to help with decision‐making processes. This study investigates the use of a combination of physical and empirical models to predict seasonal inflows into Lake Kariba in southern Africa. Two predictions systems are considered. The first uses antecedent seasonal rainfall totals over the upper Zambezi catchment as predictor in a statistical model for estimating seasonal inflows into Lake Kariba. The second and more sophisticated method uses predicted low‐level atmospheric circulation of a coupled ocean–atmosphere general circulation model (CGCM) downscaled to the inflows. Forecast verification results are presented for five run‐on 3‐month seasons; from September to June over an independent hindcast period of 14 years (1995/1996 to 2008/2009). Verification is conducted using the relative operating characteristic (ROC) and the reliability diagram. In addition to the presented verification statistics, the hindcasts are also evaluated in terms of their economic value as a usefulness indicator of forecast quality for bureaucrats and to the general public. The models in general perform best during the austral mid‐summer season of DJF (seasonal onset of inflows) and the autumn season of MAM (main inflow season). Moreover, the prediction system that uses the output of the CGCM is superior to the simple statistical approach. An additional forecast of a recent flooding event (2010/2011), which lies outside of the 14‐year verification window, is presented to demonstrate the forecast system's operational capability further during a season of high inflows that caused societal and infrastructure problems over the region.
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