Implications of global warming for the climate of African rainforests.

Implications of global warming for the climate of African rainforests.
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DOI:
10.1098/rstb.2012.0298
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Rowell DP
Rowell DP
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
James R;Washington R;Rowell DP

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非洲雨林可能容易受到温度和降水变化的影响,但目前很少有研究表明区域气候如何应对全球变暖。这项研究提出了与非洲雨林相关的温度和降水指数的预测,利用全球气候模型实验来确定局部变化作为全球气温升高的函数。使用一个多模型系综和两个扰动物理系综,其中一个拥有 100 多名成员。在刚果盆地东部,大多数模型(92%)显示潮湿信号,而在西赤道非洲,大多数模型(73%)预测旱季缺水会增加。随着全球气温升高,这种干燥现象会加剧,在超过一半的耦合模型中,全球变暖每升高 1°C,干燥现象就会加剧 3% 以上。对模型子集的大气动力学分析表明,这可能部分是由于纬向环流的重新排列,印度洋对流增强,西赤道非洲、大西洋以及某些季节的亚马逊盆地异常沉降。考虑到这些雨林地区干燥的潜在影响,进一步研究评估这一机制和其他机制的合理性非常重要。
African rainforests are likely to be vulnerable to changes in temperature and precipitation, yet there has been relatively little research to suggest how the regional climate might respond to global warming. This study presents projections of temperature and precipitation indices of relevance to African rainforests, using global climate model experiments to identify local change as a function of global temperature increase. A multi-model ensemble and two perturbed physics ensembles are used, one with over 100 members. In the east of the Congo Basin, most models (92%) show a wet signal, whereas in west equatorial Africa, the majority (73%) project an increase in dry season water deficits. This drying is amplified as global temperature increases, and in over half of coupled models by greater than 3% per °C of global warming. Analysis of atmospheric dynamics in a subset of models suggests that this could be partly because of a rearrangement of zonal circulation, with enhanced convection in the Indian Ocean and anomalous subsidence over west equatorial Africa, the Atlantic Ocean and, in some seasons, the Amazon Basin. Further research to assess the plausibility of this and other mechanisms is important, given the potential implications of drying in these rainforest regions.
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