Recent advances in understanding viral evasion of type I interferon.

Recent advances in understanding viral evasion of type I interferon.
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DOI:
10.1111/imm.12038
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发表时间:
2013-03
期刊:
影响因子:
6.4
通讯作者:
Mossman KL
Mossman KL
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Taylor KE;Mossman KL

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I型干扰素(IFN)系统介导多种抗病毒作用,是病毒感染的重要第一屏障。因此,病毒已经发展出了令人印象深刻的多种策略来规避干扰素的反应。逃避策略包括通过破坏Toll样受体或视黄酸诱导基因I (RIG - I)样受体,或通过避免这些受体识别的配体的初始产生来阻止初始病毒检测。另一种方法是通过解除或降解参与IFN表达的转录因子,如干扰素调节因子3 (IRF3)/IRF7、核因子κB (NF - κB)或ATF - 2/c - jun,或通过诱导宿主细胞转录的一般阻断,来阻止IFN的产生。病毒也通过干扰I型IFN受体和在IFN受体结合时阻碍JAK/STAT信号转导来对抗IFN信号传导。此外,IFN刺激基因(ISGs)的全球表达可以通过干扰表观遗传信号而受阻,特定的ISGs也可以被选择性地靶向抑制。最后,一些病毒通过选择负调控系统来破坏IFN反应,而另一些病毒则利用抗病毒机制来发挥自身优势。在这里,我们回顾一下这一领域的最新发展。
The type I interferon (IFN) system mediates a wide variety of antiviral effects and represents an important first barrier to virus infection. Consequently, viruses have developed an impressive diversity of tactics to circumvent IFN responses. Evasion strategies can involve preventing initial virus detection, via the disruption of the Toll‐like receptors or the retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG‐I) ‐like receptors, or by avoiding the initial production of the ligands recognized by these receptors. An alternative approach is to preclude IFN production by disarming or degrading the transcription factors involved in the expression of IFN, such as interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3)/IRF7, nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), or ATF‐2/c‐jun, or by inducing a general block on host cell transcription. Viruses also oppose IFN signalling, both by disturbing the type I IFN receptor and by impeding JAK/STAT signal transduction upon IFN receptor engagement. In addition, the global expression of IFN‐stimulated genes (ISGs) can be obstructed via interference with epigenetic signalling, and specific ISGs can also be selectively targeted for inhibition. Finally, some viruses disrupt IFN responses by co‐opting negative regulatory systems, whereas others use antiviral mechanisms to their own advantage. Here, we review recent developments in this field.
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