Mineralogical impact on long-term patterns of soil nitrogen and phosphorus enzyme activities
Mineralogical impact on long-term patterns of soil nitrogen and phosphorus enzyme activities
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矿物学对土壤氮磷酶活性长期模式的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.09.016
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Mikutta R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Turner S;Schippers A;Meyer-Stüve S;Guggenberger G;Gentsch N;Dohrmann R;Condron LM;Eger A;Almond PC;Peltzer DA;Richardson SJ;Mikutta R
在长期的生态系统发展过程中，土壤矿物组成和养分含量发生变化，从而可能通过限制基质可及性来改变微生物养分循环。在解决矿物质对氮（N）和磷（P）循环的影响时，我们确定了整个土壤剖面中的微生物丰度、N-水解酶（氨肽酶、蛋白酶、脲酶）和P-水解酶（磷酸酶）的活性、潜在的底物可用性及其物理化学和矿物学控制。沿着120千年历史的Franz Josef年代序列（新西兰）。成壤土壤铁（Fe）和铝（Al）最初（<1 kyrs）存在于金属-腐殖质复合物中，在中龄遗址（1-12 kyrs）变为结晶较差的Fe和Al，在最老遗址变为粘土和结晶氧化铁占主导地位。尽管如此，有机C（OC）和有机N（ON）库存仅略有增加，而有机P（OP）库存持续下降。在有机层中，酶活性主要受ON和OP浓度的调节，而在矿质土壤中，矿物质-酶的关系更为复杂，包括直接和间接的影响。蛋白酶，尿素酶，磷酸酶的活性被抑制矿物的相互作用，特别是与结晶差的铁和铝的氧化物，而氨基肽酶的矿物学性质的影响较小。在土壤的基础上，大多数N-水解酶活性每ON股票负向增加股票的结晶差的铁和铝矿物，但也受到影响的C：N比不稳定的有机底物。基于个人资料的磷酸酶活性OP股票最高的最古老的网站有最大的股票粘土和结晶铁氧化物。总体而言，我们的研究表明，长期的矿物变化创建不同的模式的养分积累和N-和P-酶的活动在地平线和土壤尺度，不同的N-水解酶的矿物学效应的可变程度。
During long-term ecosystem development, both soil mineralogical composition and nutrient contents change, thus possibly altering microbial nutrient cycling by constraining substrate accessibility. In addressing the mineral impact on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling, we determined microbial abundances, activities of N-hydrolyzing (aminopeptidases, protease, urease) and P-hydrolyzing (phosphatase) enzymes and the potential substrate availability as well as their physicochemical and mineralogical controls in whole soil profiles along the 120 kyr-old Franz Josef chronosequence (New Zealand). Pedogenic soil iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) resided initially (<1 kyrs) in metal-humus complexes, changed to poorly crystalline Fe and Al at intermediate-aged sites (1–12 kyrs) and into dominance of clay and crystalline Fe oxides at the oldest site. Despite this, organic C (OC) and organic N (ON) stocks increased only slightly with soil age, whereas organic P (OP) stocks decreased continuously. In organic layers, enzyme activities were mainly regulated by ON and OP concentrations, whereas in mineral soils, mineral–enzyme relations were more complex and included both, direct and indirect effects. Protease, urease, and phosphatase activities were inhibited by mineral interactions, especially with poorly crystalline Fe and Al oxides, whereas aminopeptidases were less affected by mineralogical properties. On a pedon basis, most N-hydrolyzing enzyme activities per ON stocks responded negatively to increasing stocks of poorly crystalline Fe and Al minerals, but were also affected by the C:N ratio of labile organic substrates. Profile-based phosphatase activities per OP stock were highest at the oldest sites having the largest stocks of clay and crystalline Fe oxides. Overall, our study indicates that long-term mineral changes create distinct patterns of nutrient accumulation and N- and P-enzyme activities at both horizon and pedon scale, with a variable extent of the mineralogical effect for the different N-hydrolyzing enzymes.
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DOI：
10.1086/406646
发表时间：
1970-12
期刊：
The Quarterly Review of Biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
P. Stevens;T. Walker
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
K. Kaiser
通讯作者：
K. Kaiser
新西兰南韦斯特兰冰川年代学的重新解释
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
P. Almond;N. Moar;Olav B. Lian
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Olav B. Lian