Stress appraisals and cellular aging: a key role for anticipatory threat in the relationship between psychological stress and telomere length.
Stress appraisals and cellular aging: a key role for anticipatory threat in the relationship between psychological stress and telomere length.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbi.2012.01.007
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发表时间：
2012-05
影响因子：
15.1
通讯作者：
Epel, Elissa S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Donovan, Aoife;Tomiyama, A. Janet;Lin, Jue;Puterman, Eli;Adler, Nancy E.;Kemeny, Margaret;Wolkowitz, Owen M.;Blackburn, Elizabeth H.;Epel, Elissa S.
慢性心理应激是多种老年疾病的危险因素。以短端粒长度为指标的细胞加速衰老已成为联系各种形式的心理应激和衰老疾病的潜在共同生物学机制。应激评价决定了生物应激反应的程度和类型，应激评价的改变可能是心理应激与衰老疾病联系的常见心理机制。然而，之前没有研究检验压力评估和端粒长度之间的关系。我们将慢性应激的女性照护者和非照护者对照（N= 50； M年龄= 62.14±6.10）暴露于标准化的急性实验室应激源，并测量她们对应激源的预期和回顾性威胁和挑战评价。我们假设威胁评估和挑战评估分别与端粒长度缩短和延长有关，并且慢性护理压力会通过改变压力评估来影响端粒长度。较高的预期威胁评估与较短的年龄调整端粒长度相关（β =−）。32, p = .03)，但挑战评估和回顾性威胁评估显示与端粒长度没有独立的关联。护理人员报告了显著较高的预期预后（β =−）。36, p = .006)和回顾性分析(β = -。29, p = .03)威胁评估比对照组，但挑战评估相似。虽然护理者身份对端粒长度没有显著的主要影响，但通过预期威胁评估，护理对端粒长度有显著的间接影响。夸大的预期威胁评价可能是心理应激对细胞衰老影响的一种常见的、可改变的心理机制。
Chronic psychological stressis a risk factor formultiple diseases of aging. Accelerated cellular aging as indexed by short telomere length has emerged as a potential common biological mechanism linking various forms of psychological stress and diseases of aging. Stress appraisals determine the degree and type of biological stress responses and altered stress appraisals may be a common psychological mechanism linking psychological stress and diseases of aging. However, no previous studies have examined the relationship between stress appraisals and telomere length. We exposed chronically stressed female caregivers and non-caregiving controls (N= 50; M age = 62.14±6.10) to a standardized acute laboratory stressor and measured their anticipatory and retrospective threat and challenge appraisals of the stressor. We hypothesized that threat and challenge appraisals would be associated with shorter and longer telomere length respectively, and that chronic care giving stress would influence telomere length through altered stress appraisals. Higher anticipatory threat appraisals were associated with shorter age-adjusted telomere length (β = −.32, p = .03), but challenge appraisals and retrospective threat appraisals showed no independent association with telomere length. Caregivers reported significantly higher anticipatory (β = −.36, p = .006)and retrospective (β = −.29, p = .03) threat appraisals than controls, but similar challenge appraisals. Although there was no significant main effect of caregiver status on telomere length, care giving had a significant indirect effect on telomere length through anticipatory threat appraisals. Exaggerated anticipatory threat appraisals may be a common and modifiable psychological mechanism of psychological stress effects on cellular aging.
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