Fluid preservation causes minimal reduction of parasite detectability in fish specimens: A new approach for reconstructing parasite communities of the past?
Fluid preservation causes minimal reduction of parasite detectability in fish specimens: A new approach for reconstructing parasite communities of the past?
复制标题
液体保存导致鱼类标本中寄生虫可检测性的最小程度降低：重建过去寄生虫群落的新方法？
DOI：
10.1002/ece3.6379
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Wood, Chelsea L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fiorenza, Evan A.;Leslie, Katie L.;Torchin, Mark E.;Maslenikov, Katherine P.;Tornabene, Luke;Wood, Chelsea L.
需要长期数据集来评估野生动物疾病负担的时间模式，但寄生虫丰度的历史数据非常罕见。世纪以来，自然历史收藏品一直在积累液体保存的标本，这些标本在保存时应该含有感染宿主的寄生虫。然而，在这个独特的数据源可以被利用之前，我们必须识别由保存过程引入的工件。在这里，我们通过实验解决保存过程是否改变了在使用视觉寄生虫检测技术时，在液体保存的鱼标本中可检测到后生动物寄生虫的程度。我们随机分配的三个物种（Gadus chalcogrammus，Thaleichthys pacificus，和Parophrys vetulus）的鱼两个治疗。在第一次处理中，根据鱼类学收集中使用的标准程序保存鱼。液体保存过程完成后，我们立即对这些标本进行了寄生虫学解剖。第二个处理是对照，其中鱼被解剖而不经受流体保存过程。我们比较了两种治疗之间的寄生虫丰度。在298个鱼个体和59个宿主-寄生虫对中，我们发现治疗之间几乎没有差异，27个宿主-寄生虫对中有24个在两种治疗之间同样丰富。其中，一对在保存处理中比对照组显著更丰富，两对在保存处理中比对照组显著更少丰富。我们的数据表明，液体保存过程对后生动物寄生虫的可检测性没有实质性影响。本研究仅涉及固定和保存过程的影响;需要进行长期实验，以确定在保存后的数月、数年和数十年储存期间，寄生虫的可检测性是否保持不变。如果是这样的话，生态学家将能够使用自然历史收藏中的流体保存标本重建过去世纪或更长时间内寄生虫多样性和丰度的新的长期数据集。
Long‐term datasets are needed to evaluate temporal patterns in wildlife disease burdens, but historical data on parasite abundance are extremely rare. For more than a century, natural history collections have been accumulating fluid‐preserved specimens, which should contain the parasites infecting the host at the time of its preservation. However, before this unique data source can be exploited, we must identify the artifacts that are introduced by the preservation process. Here, we experimentally address whether the preservation process alters the degree to which metazoan parasites are detectable in fluid‐preserved fish specimens when using visual parasite detection techniques. We randomly assigned fish of three species (Gadus chalcogrammus, Thaleichthys pacificus, and Parophrys vetulus) to two treatments. In the first treatment, fish were preserved according to the standard procedures used in ichthyological collections. Immediately after the fluid‐preservation process was complete, we performed parasitological dissection on those specimens. The second treatment was a control, in which fish were dissected without being subjected to the fluid‐preservation process. We compared parasite abundance between the two treatments. Across 298 fish individuals and 59 host–parasite pairs, we found few differences between treatments, with 24 of 27 host–parasite pairs equally abundant between the two treatments. Of these, one pair was significantly more abundant in the preservation treatment than in the control group, and two pairs were significantly less abundant in the preservation treatment than in the control group. Our data suggest that the fluid‐preservation process does not have a substantial effect on the detectability of metazoan parasites. This study addresses only the effects of the fixation and preservation process; long‐term experiments are needed to address whether parasite detectability remains unchanged in the months, years, and decades of storage following preservation. If so, ecologists will be able to reconstruct novel, long‐term datasets on parasite diversity and abundance over the past century or more using fluid‐preserved specimens from natural history collections.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Harvell, CD;Kim, K;Vasta, GR
通讯作者：
Vasta, GR
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2007.1757
发表时间：
2008-06-22
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
McClenachan, Loren;Cooper, Andrew B.
通讯作者：
Cooper, Andrew B.
影响因子：
10.1
作者：
McClenachan, Loren;Cooper, Andrew B.;Drew, Joshua A.
通讯作者：
Drew, Joshua A.
鱼类生物学家对生物多样性收藏的认识和使用。
影响因子：
2
作者：
Randal Singer;Shari Ellis;L. Page
通讯作者：
L. Page
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
C. Wood;K. Lafferty;F. Micheli
通讯作者：
F. Micheli