Dynamic regulatory phosphorylation of mouse CDK2 occurs during meiotic prophase I.

Dynamic regulatory phosphorylation of mouse CDK2 occurs during meiotic prophase I.
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小鼠 CDK2 的动态调节磷酸化发生在减数分裂前期 I。

DOI:
10.1101/2023.07.24.550435
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gray,Stephen
Gray,Stephen
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bradley,RachelA;Wolff,IanD;Cohen,PaulaE;Gray,Stephen

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在减数分裂前期,DNA双链断裂在整个基因组中形成,其中一个子集作为交叉事件进行修复,使同源染色体在第一次减数分裂时能够准确分离。虽然每个细胞中的交叉定位和水平表明这是一个高度调控的过程,但dsb被选择作为交叉修复的机制尚不清楚。其中一种定位于交叉位点的蛋白质是丝氨酸/苏氨酸周期蛋白依赖性激酶CDK2。CDK2的调节分别通过酪氨酸15 (Y15)和苏氨酸160 (T160)的磷酸化来抑制和激活激酶。在本研究中,我们采用免疫荧光染色和固定睾丸的方法,结合STA-PUT重力沉降分离不同发育阶段的细胞,进一步研究了CDK2在I前期的时间磷酸化调控。Western blotting显示,在I前期,两种CDK2亚型(CDK233kDa和CDK239kDa)的水平存在差异,CDK2在Y15处的抑制性磷酸化发生在I前期早期。定位于端粒,并随着细胞进入厚膜而减少。相反,T160上的活化磷酸化发生得较晚,特别是CDK233kDa亚型,T160信号在精原细胞和粗线精母细胞中被检测到,在那里它与I类交叉蛋白MLH3共定位。综上所述,我们的数据揭示了CDK2在两种CDK2亚型水平上的复杂控制,以及通过抑制和激活磷酸化的差异调节。
During prophase I of meiosis, DNA double-strand breaks form throughout the genome, with a subset repairing as crossover events, enabling the accurate segregation of homologous chromosomes during the first meiotic division. The mechanism by which DSBs become selected to repair as crossovers is unknown, although the crossover positioning and levels in each cell indicate it is a highly regulated process. One of the proteins that localises to crossover sites is the serine/threonine cyclin-dependent kinase CDK2. Regulation of CDK2 occurs via phosphorylation at tyrosine 15 (Y15) and threonine 160 (T160) inhibiting and activating the kinase, respectively. In this study we use a combination of immunofluorescence staining on spread spermatocytes and fixed testis sections, and STA-PUT gravitational sedimentation to isolate cells at different developmental stages to further investigate the temporal phospho regulation of CDK2 during prophase I. Western blotting reveals differential levels of the two CDK2 isoforms (CDK233kDa and CDK239kDa) throughout prophase I, with inhibitory phosphorylation of CDK2 at Y15 occurring early in prophase I, localising to telomeres and diminishing as cells enter pachynema. Conversely, the activatory phosphorylation on T160 occurs later, specifically the CDK233kDa isoform, and T160 signal is detected in spermatogonia and pachytene spermatocytes, where it co-localises with the Class I crossover protein MLH3. Taken together, our data reveals intricate control of CDK2 both with regards to levels of the two CDK2 isoforms, and differential regulation via inhibitory and activatory phosphorylation.
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