Towards new ecologies of automation: Robotics and the re-engineering of nature

Towards new ecologies of automation: Robotics and the re-engineering of nature
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迈向自动化新生态:机器人与自然再造

DOI:
10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103825
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Lockhart A
Lockhart A
中科院分区:
法学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lockhart A

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气候/生态崩溃和自动化是当今时代的两个决定性挑战,但关于它们结合在一起的交集的研究很少。在从农业到保护再到采矿再到改变天气的各种实验景观中,自动化技术越来越多地被认为是固定、管理甚至超越人类世动荡生态的关键,人类世的动荡生态威胁着社会和经济复制。这套新兴的视觉、实验和使用依赖于捆绑的机器人和自主系统技术(例如,先进的传感器、机器视觉、人工智能、机器人)的系统能力,以新的方式观察、了解和干预生物物理世界。我们认为,这可能代表着在面对日益汇聚的环境威胁时,从缓解和适应的逻辑向工程性质的转变。综合现有文献中的见解,我们开发了一个概念性框架,用于理解“自动化的新生态环境”和跨我们所称的“操作生态环境”的不同的、特定于现场的应用。然后,我们探索一系列不同的样本,在讨论关键逻辑、主题和批判性研究方向之前,创建操作生态的类型学。总体而言,本文对批判地理学的知识以及政治生态学和自动化研究之间研究不足的交叉点做出了重大而原创性的贡献。
Climate/ecological breakdown and automation are two defining challenges of the current era, yet there is little research on their conjunctural intersection. Across experimental landscapes from agriculture to conservation to mining to weather modification, automation technologies are increasingly being presented as the key to fixing, managing and even transcending the turbulent ecologies of the Anthropocene which threaten social and economic reproduction. This emerging set of visions, experiments and uses rest on the systemic capabilities of bundled robotic and autonomous system technologies (e.g. advanced sensors machine vision, artificial intelligence, robotics) to see, know and intervene in the biophysical world in new ways. This, we argue, potentially represents a shift beyond logics of mitigation and adaptation towards engineering nature in the face of converging environmental threats. Synthesising insights from existing literature, we develop a conceptual framework for understanding the ‘new ecologies of automation’ and diverse, site-specific applications across what we call ‘operational ecologies’. We then explore a range of diverse exemplars, creating a typology of operational ecologies before discussing key logics, themes and directions for critical research. Overall, the paper makes a significant and original contribution to knowledge in critical geography, and the under-researched intersection between political ecology and automation studies.
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