Small patches are hotspots for biodiversity conservation in fragmented landscapes
Small patches are hotspots for biodiversity conservation in fragmented landscapes
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小斑块是破碎景观中生物多样性保护的热点
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108086
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发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Liu Pengtao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yan Yongzhi;Jarvie Scott;Zhang Qing;Zhang Shuangshuang;Han Peng;Liu Qingfu;Liu Pengtao
在过去的二十年里，中国北方农牧交错带经历了急剧的栖息地丧失和破碎化，并形成了剩余的草地斑块。然而，目前还不清楚如何优先考虑在这一支离破碎的景观中剩余的草地斑块的生物多样性保护。本研究对中国北方典型农牧交错带塔布河流域84个草地斑块进行了调查。为了确定这些剩余的草地斑块的保护优先级，我们使用了一个新的保护标准，称为生态独特性的基础上β多样性。我们进一步探讨了当地的栖息地，扩散过程，和斑块特征的生态独特性的影响。结果表明，营业额是区域β多样性的主要组成部分（占81.9%）。我们确定了13个具有高度保护优先级的热点斑块，由于其显著的生态独特性，其中9个是小斑块（<5公顷）。当地生境比扩散过程和斑块特征更能解释生态独特性的变化，当地降水异质性是关键影响因素。斑块分维与生态独特性呈正相关。研究表明，在中国北方农牧交错带破碎化景观中，小块剩余草地斑块是区域生物多样性保护的热点。我们强调，有必要把重点放在这些小补丁的栖息地异质性和补丁形状，以确定保护优先级。
In the past two decades, the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China has experienced dramatic habitat loss and fragmentation, and patches of remaining grassland have formed. However, it is still unclear how to prioritize biodiversity conservation in the remaining grassland patches in this fragmented landscape. Here, we investigated 84 remaining grassland patches in the Tabu River Basin, a typical area of agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China. To determine the conservation priorities of these remaining grassland patches, we used a new conservation criterion called ecological uniqueness based on beta diversity. We further explored the impact of local habitat, dispersal process, and patch characteristics on ecological uniqueness. Our results showed that turnover was the dominant component of regional beta diversity (accounting for 81.9%). We identified 13 hotspots patches with high conservation priority due to their significant ecological uniqueness, 9 of which were small patches (<5 ha). Local habitat explained more variation of the ecological uniqueness than dispersal process and patch characteristics, with local precipitation heterogeneity the key influencing factor. We also found a positive correlation between patch fractal dimension and ecological uniqueness. Our study suggests that small remaining grassland patches are hotspots of regional biodiversity conservation in the fragmented landscape of agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China. We highlight that it is necessary to focus on the habitat heterogeneity and patch shape of these small patches to determine conservation prioritization.
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