Non-coding RNA: a new frontier in regulatory biology.

Non-coding RNA: a new frontier in regulatory biology.
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DOI:
10.1093/nsr/nwu008
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发表时间:
2014-06-01
影响因子:
20.6
通讯作者:
Fu XD
Fu XD
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fu XD

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在过去的十年中,一个引人注目的发现是从哺乳动物基因组中产生了许多非编码RNA(ncRNA)。虽然这些ncRNA中的许多完全可能是转录噪音或RNA加工的副产物,但越来越多的证据表明,它们中的很大一部分是功能性的,并在细胞中提供各种调节活性。因此,如果不了解功能核糖体组学,功能基因组学和蛋白质组学是不完整的。正如“RNA世界”假说长期以来所提出的那样,许多ncRNA具有在不同的生化过程中像蛋白质一样发挥作用的能力。大量的信息存在于ncRNA的一级序列和二级结构中,使它们特别适合作为分子相互作用的支架。此外,它们的功能似乎是严格控制的默认情况下,通过丰富的核酸酶时,不参与特定的相互作用。本文综述了调控ncRNA的功能特性,并强调了未来ncRNA研究的机遇和挑战。
A striking finding in the past decade is the production of numerous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) from mammalian genomes. While it is entirely possible that many of those ncRNAs are transcription noises or by-products of RNA processing, increasing evidence suggests that a large fraction of them are functional and provide various regulatory activities in the cell. Thus, functional genomics and proteomics are incomplete without understanding functional ribonomics. As has been long suggested by the ‘RNA world’ hypothesis, many ncRNAs have the capacity to act like proteins in diverse biochemical processes. The enormous amount of information residing in the primary sequences and secondary structures of ncRNAs makes them particularly suited to function as scaffolds for molecular interactions. In addition, their functions appear to be stringently controlled by default via abundant nucleases when not engaged in specific interactions. This review focuses on the functional properties of regulatory ncRNAs in comparison with proteins and emphasizes both the opportunities and challenges in future ncRNA research.
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