Neuromodulation of thought: flexibilities and vulnerabilities in prefrontal cortical network synapses.

Neuromodulation of thought: flexibilities and vulnerabilities in prefrontal cortical network synapses.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuron.2012.08.038
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发表时间:
2012-10-04
期刊:
影响因子:
16.2
通讯作者:
Paspalas CD
Paspalas CD
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Arnsten AF;Wang MJ;Paspalas CD

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在这篇综述中,我们讨论了工作记忆前额叶皮层(PFC)电路调制不同的感觉/运动和皮层下电路的可塑性变化。工作记忆来自第三层PFC锥体细胞NMDA回路内的反复兴奋,这在衰老和精神分裂症中受到折磨。神经调节剂快速灵活地改变这些突触连接的功效,同时保持突触结构不变,这一过程称为动态网络连接(DNC)。钙-cAMP信号的增加打开了长而细的棘中的离子通道,门控网络连接。抑制钙-cAMP信号传导,例如通过刺激脊髓上的去甲肾上腺素能α 2A-肾上腺素受体,加强突触功效并增加网络放电,而最佳水平的多巴胺D1受体刺激塑造网络输入以改善心理表征。在疲劳或压力期间钙-cAMP信号的普遍增加使dlPFC循环回路脱离,减少放电并损害自上而下的认知。DNC调节受损导致与年龄相关的认知能力下降,而DNC蛋白的遗传损伤通常与精神分裂症有关。
In this review, we discuss how working memory prefrontal cortical (PFC) circuits are modulated differently than plastic changes in sensory/motor and subcortical circuits. Working memory arises from recurrent excitation within layer III PFC pyramidal cell NMDA circuits, which are afflicted in aging and schizophrenia. Neuromodulators rapidly and flexibly alter the efficacy of these synaptic connections, while leaving the synaptic architecture unchanged, a process called Dynamic Network Connectivity (DNC). Increases in calcium-cAMP signaling open ion channels in long, thin spines, gating network connections. Inhibition of calcium-cAMP signaling, e.g. by noradrenergic α2A-adrenoceptor stimulation on spines, strengthens synaptic efficacy and increases network firing, while optimal levels of dopamine D1 receptor stimulation sculpt network inputs to refine mental representation. Generalized increases in calcium-cAMP signaling during fatigue or stress disengage dlPFC recurrent circuits, reduce firing and impair top-down cognition. Impaired DNC regulation contributes to age-related cognitive decline, while genetic insults to DNC proteins are commonly linked to schizophrenia.
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