Optical recording of action potentials in mammalian neurons using a microbial rhodopsin.

Optical recording of action potentials in mammalian neurons using a microbial rhodopsin.
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DOI:
10.1038/nmeth.1782
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发表时间:
2011-11-27
期刊:
影响因子:
48
通讯作者:
Cohen, Adam E.
Cohen, Adam E.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kralj, Joel M.;Douglass, Adam D.;Hochbaum, Daniel R.;Maclaurin, Dougal;Cohen, Adam E.

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Reliable optical detection of single action potentials in mammalian neurons has been one of the longest-standing challenges in neuroscience. Here we achieve this goal by using the endogenous fluorescence of a microbial rhodopsin protein, Archaerhodopsin 3 (Arch) from Halorubrum sodomense, expressed in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. This genetically encoded voltage indicator exhibited an approximately 10-fold improvement in sensitivity and speed over existing protein-based voltage indicators, with a roughly linear two-fold increase in brightness between −150 mV and +150 mV and a sub-millisecond response time. Arch detected single electrically triggered action potentials with an optical signal-to-noise ratio > 10. The mutant Arch(D95N) lacked endogenous proton pumping and showed 50% greater sensitivity than wild-type, but had a slower response (41 ms). Nonetheless, Arch(D95N) also resolved individual action potentials. Microbial rhodopsin-based voltage indicators promise to enable optical interrogation of complex neural circuits, and electrophysiology in systems for which electrode-based techniques are challenging.
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