Spatial and Seasonal Variations of Disinfection Byproduct (DBP) Precursors in Relation with Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
Spatial and Seasonal Variations of Disinfection Byproduct (DBP) Precursors in Relation with Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
复制标题
消毒副产物 (DBP) 前体与总有机碳 (TOC) 关系的空间和季节变化
DOI：
10.1061/9780784483466.058
复制
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Marti, E.J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ejjada, M.;Gerrity, D.;Marti, E.J.
消毒是饮用水和污水处理厂的一个基本过程。然而，当有机物前体与消毒剂如氯、氯胺和臭氧反应时，形成消毒副产物（DBP），如三卤甲烷（THMs）、卤代乙腈（HAN）和亚硝胺（NOAs）。消毒副产物的形成与水源类型、消毒剂类型和有机物浓度密切相关，这些因素可能具有季节性变化。在这项研究中，水样本收集了20个不同的流域内的位置，其中包括城市径流（有和没有无家可归的人口的影响），废水排放，以及一个大型的终端水库，作为当地的饮用水源。在旱季和雨天采集样品，这代表了季节性样品。在一致的pH值、接触时间和温度下进行DBP形成电位（FP）试验。通过气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）分析THMs、NOAs和HAN。对这些水样品进行的FP测试显示，氯形成最高的THM浓度，而对于臭氧FP测试，THM浓度如预期的那样低。氯胺产生最大的HAN浓度，二氯乙腈代表最高浓度。就样品类型而言，更多的消毒副产物形成在非废水影响的径流网站相比，废水排放网站。关于TOC水平，降雨事件样本的所有位置有较高的TOC浓度相比，干燥的采样日。类似地，降雨事件样本显示DBP形成增加;在受废水排放和无遮蔽的无家可归者位置影响的径流沃茨中发现了大量THMs前体（氯FP测试的总THMs浓度> 200 μ g/L）。因此，城市径流沃茨应被视为饮用水水源沃茨DBP前体物的潜在来源，且径流水易发生季节性变化。
Disinfection is an essential process for both potable water and wastewater treatment plants. However, disinfection byproducts (DBPs) like trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetonitriles (HANs), and nitrosamines (NOAs) are formed when organic matter precursors react with disinfectants such as chlorine, chloramine, and ozone. Formation of DBPs is strongly associated with the type of water source, type of disinfectant, and organic matter concentration, which can have seasonal variation. In this study, water samples were collected from 20 different intra-watershed locations, which included urban runoff (with and without the influence of unsheltered homeless populations), wastewater effluent discharges, and a large, terminal reservoir that serves as the local drinking water source. Samples were collected on dry and rainy days, which represent seasonal samples. DBP formation potential (FP) tests were conducted at consistent pH, contact time, and temperature. THMs, NOAs, and HANs were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The FP tests performed on these water samples revealed that chlorine formed the highest THM concentrations, while THM concentrations were low for the ozone FP test as expected. Chloramine produced the greatest HAN concentrations, with dichloroacetonitrile representing the highest concentration. With respect to sample type, more DBPs were formed at the non-wastewater-impacted runoff sites as compared to the wastewater effluent discharge sites. With respect to TOC levels, rain event samples for all locations had higher TOC concentrations compared to dry sampling days. Similarly, rain event samples showed increased DBP formation; a significant amount of precursors for THMs was found in runoff waters that were influenced by wastewater effluent discharges and unsheltered homeless locations (concentration of total THMs for chlorine FP test was >200 μg/L). Therefore, urban runoff waters should be considered as potential sources of DBP precursors to drinking water source waters, and runoff water is prone to seasonal variation.
三卤甲烷的形成。
影响因子：
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作者：
R. Trussell;Mark D. Umphres
通讯作者：
Mark D. Umphres
气候对水资源的影响
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Oa Us Epa
通讯作者：
Oa Us Epa
使用自动固相萃取和 GC-MS/MS 评估水基质中的亚硝胺
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Janie C. Holady;Rebecca A. Trenholm;S. Snyder
通讯作者：
S. Snyder