Spatial attention can bias search in visual short-term memory.

Spatial attention can bias search in visual short-term memory.
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DOI:
10.3389/neuro.09.004.2007
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发表时间:
2007
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Rao A
Rao A
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nobre AC;Griffin IC;Rao A

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尽管自上而下的注意力控制在刺激分析的许多层面上都会使感知功能产生偏差,但它对记忆相关功能的可能影响仍然未知。我们的实验结合了行为测量和事件相关电位(ERP)来测试空间定向与视觉短期记忆(VSTM)相关的偏置功能的能力,并阐明所涉及的神经机制。特别是,我们调查是否定向注意到一个空间位置内的数组保持在VSTM可以促进搜索一个特定的记住的项目。参与者观看了一个,两个或四个不同颜色的项目阵列,然后是一个信息空间(100%有效)或无信息的中性追溯线索(阵列后1500-2500毫秒),后来由探针刺激(追溯线索后500-1000毫秒)。任务是确定探针刺激是否存在于阵列中。行为学结果表明,空间回溯线索提高了准确性和响应时间作出决定的存在下,在VSTM的探针项目,并显着衰减性能下降所造成的VSTM负载增加。我们还确定了一个新的ERP组件(N3 RS),专门与搜索VSTM中的一个项目。与行为学结果一致,在中性回溯线索实验中,N3 RS的幅度和持续时间随着VSTM负荷的增加而增加。当提供空间回溯线索时,这种“回溯搜索”成分就不存在了。我们的研究结果清楚地表明,自上而下的注意力偏差的影响延伸到记忆功能,特别是,在VSTM中的项目搜索可以灵活的自愿控制。
Whereas top-down attentional control is known to bias perceptual functions at many levels of stimulus analysis, its possible influence over memory-related functions remains uncharted. Our experiment combined behavioral measures and event-related potentials (ERPs) to test the ability of spatial orienting to bias functions associated with visual short-term memory (VSTM), and to shed light on the neural mechanisms involved. In particular, we investigated whether orienting attention to a spatial location within an array maintained in VSTM could facilitate the search for a specific remembered item. Participants viewed arrays of one, two or four differently colored items, followed by an informative spatial (100% valid) or uninformative neutral retro-cue (1500–2500 ms after the array), and later by a probe stimulus (500–1000 ms after the retro-cue). The task was to decide whether the probe stimulus had been present in the array. Behavioral results showed that spatial retro-cues improved both accuracy and response times for making decisions about the presence of the probe item in VSTM, and significantly attenuated performance decrements caused by increasing VSTM load. We also identified a novel ERP component (N3RS) specifically associated with searching for an item within VSTM. Paralleling the behavioral results, the amplitude and duration of the N3RS systematically increased with VSTM load in neutral retro-cue trials. When spatial retro-cues were provided, this “retro-search” component was absent. Our findings clearly show that the influence of top-down attentional biases extends to mnemonic functions, and, specifically, that searching for items within VSTM can be under flexible voluntary control.
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发表时间: 2006-04-01
影响因子: 4.7
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发表时间: 2005-03-01
期刊: MEMORY & COGNITION
影响因子: 2.4
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期刊: NEUROREPORT
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