Relative tuning of holistic face processing towards the fovea.
Relative tuning of holistic face processing towards the fovea.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.visres.2022.108049
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发表时间：
2022-08
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Whitney, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Canas-Bajo, Teresa;Whitney, David
人类在世界上快速检测和注视人脸，这反映了他们在认知中的重要性，并可能导致人脸识别向中央视野调整。虽然有时会有报道，但在面部处理中的中央凹选择性是有争议的：大脑成像研究发现了面部特有的中央场偏见的证据，但行为研究发现面部识别中几乎没有中央凹选择性。这些相互矛盾的结果很难调和，但它们可能源于具体刺激措施的差异。例如，最近的研究表明，每个人的面孔在需要整体处理的程度上是不同的。整体加工是将面孔作为一个整体而不是作为一组单独的特征来感知。我们假设，行为和神经影像学研究之间的分离，因为这种刺激特异性依赖于整体处理。具体来说，在神经影像学研究中发现的中央偏见可能是特定于整体处理。在这里，我们测试是否偏心依赖的面孔知觉的程度，面孔需要整体处理。我们首先测量了个体穆尼面孔的整体性（容易被感知为面孔的双色调阴影图像）。在一组独立的观察者中，我们使用性别歧视任务来测量这些穆尼面孔的识别率，作为他们偏心率的函数。人脸性别在整个视野中得到了识别，即使是在相当大的偏心度上，也复制了以前的工作。然而，重要的是，整体面部性别识别相对调整，稍微，但可靠的中央视野更强。我们的研究结果可能调和的辩论偏心依赖的面孔知觉，并揭示了空间的不均匀性，特别是在整体表征的面孔。
Humans quickly detect and gaze at faces in the world, which reflects their importance in cognition and may lead to tuning of face recognition toward the central visual field. Although sometimes reported, foveal selectivity in face processing is debated: brain imaging studies have found evidence for a central field bias specific to faces, but behavioral studies have found little foveal selectivity in face recognition. These conflicting results are difficult to reconcile, but they could arise from stimulus-specific differences. Recent studies, for example, suggest that individual faces vary in the degree to which they require holistic processing. Holistic processing is the perception of faces as a whole rather than as a set of separate features. We hypothesized that the dissociation between behavioral and neuroimaging studies arises because of this stimulus-specific dependence on holistic processing. Specifically, the central bias found in neuroimaging studies may be specific to holistic processing. Here, we tested whether the eccentricity-dependence of face perception is determined by the degree to which faces require holistic processing. We first measured the holistic-ness of individual Mooney faces (two-tone shadow images readily perceived as faces). In a group of independent observers, we then used a gender discrimination task to measured recognition of these Mooney faces as a function of their eccentricity. Face gender was recognized across the visual field, even at substantial eccentricities, replicating prior work. Importantly, however, holistic face gender recognition was relatively tuned—slightly, but reliably stronger in the central visual field. Our results may reconcile the debate on the eccentricity-dependance of face perception and reveal a spatial inhomogeneity specifically in the holistic representations of faces.
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