Design of optimal collimation for dedicated molecular breast imaging systems.
Design of optimal collimation for dedicated molecular breast imaging systems.
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专用分子乳腺成像系统的最佳准直设计。
DOI：
10.1118/1.3077119
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
O'Connor,MichaelK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weinmann,AmandaL;Hruska,CarrieB;O'Connor,MichaelK
分子乳腺成像（MBI）是一种功能性成像技术，使用专门的小视场伽马相机检测乳腺病变中放射性示踪剂的优先摄取。MBI有可能成为一种有用的辅助方法，筛查乳腺X线摄影检测隐匿性乳腺癌。然而，MBI的当前限制是与当前技术相关的高辐射剂量（是筛查性乳房X线摄影的7-10倍的因子）。本研究的目的是优化伽马相机准直，旨在提高灵敏度，同时保持足够的分辨率以检测10 mm以下病变。设计了具有与MBI系统的像素化碲化镉锌探测器元件相匹配的孔的方孔准直器。MBI患者研究的数据和现有双头MBI系统的参数用于指导所需准直器分辨率、源到准直器距离、像素大小和检查的准直器材料的范围。在设计过程中，沿着了描述常规伽马相机准直器性能的通用方程，并进行了几项重要调整，以说明MBI系统的专用成像几何结构。理论计算和蒙特卡罗模型都被用来测量每个设计的准直器的几何效率（或灵敏度）和分辨率。结果表明，通过优化准直，准直器灵敏度可以提高1.5-3.2倍，同时保持准直器分辨率为或距离准直器表面3厘米。准直器灵敏度的这些增益允许执行MBI所需剂量的反比下降。
Molecular breast imaging (MBI) is a functional imaging technique that uses specialized small field‐of‐view gamma cameras to detect the preferential uptake of a radiotracer in breast lesions. MBI has potential to be a useful adjunct method to screening mammography for the detection of occult breast cancer. However, a current limitation of MBI is the high radiation dose (a factor of 7–10 times that of screening mammography) associated with current technology. The purpose of this study was to optimize the gamma camera collimation with the aim of improving sensitivity while retaining adequate resolution for the detection of sub‐10‐mm lesions. Square‐hole collimators with holes matched to the pixilated cadmium zinc telluride detector elements of the MBI system were designed. Data from MBI patient studies and parameters of existing dual‐head MBI systems were used to guide the range of desired collimator resolutions, source‐to‐collimator distances, pixel sizes, and collimator materials that were examined. General equations describing collimator performance for a conventional gamma camera were used in the design process along with several important adjustments to account for the specialized imaging geometry of the MBI system. Both theoretical calculations and a Monte Carlo model were used to measure the geometric efficiency (or sensitivity) and resolution of each designed collimator. Results showed that through optimal collimation, collimator sensitivity could be improved by factors of 1.5–3.2, while maintaining a collimator resolution of either or at a distance of 3 cm from the collimator face. These gains in collimator sensitivity permit an inversely proportional drop in the required dose to perform MBI.
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