Childhood gender-typed behavior and emotional or peer problems: a prospective birth-cohort study.
Childhood gender-typed behavior and emotional or peer problems: a prospective birth-cohort study.
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童年性别行为和情绪或同伴问题：一项前瞻性出生队列研究。
DOI：
10.1111/jcpp.13051
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Warren AS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Warren AS
背景回顾性和横断面研究经常报告儿童期性别不一致与更大的情感和同伴困难之间的关联。本研究使用ALSPAC出生队列调查儿童期性别类型行为与整个儿童期和青少年期的同伴和情绪问题之间的关系。MethodsA共有11，192名参与者在婴儿期至少有一项父母评定的性别类型行为指标; 7，049名参与者在8.5岁时有一项儿童评定的性别类型行为指标。拟合单独的线性混合回归模型，以评估父母和儿童评定的性别类型行为是否与儿童和青少年（6-16岁）的情绪和同伴问题相关。增加协变量（自尊，虐待，欺凌，同伴接受的感觉，感觉不同）对这些关系的影响进行了assessed.ResultsFor男孩，更多的性别歧视行为与更大的随后的情绪和同伴的问题，在童年和青春期。调整自尊，关系欺凌受害，感觉不同，或被同龄人接受的感觉减少了其中的一些关联。相比之下，对于女孩来说，更多的性别歧视行为与儿童和青少年时期的情感问题有关。在女孩中，自我报告的性别歧视行为也与父母评定的同伴问题较少相关，但父母评定的性别歧视行为与父母评定的同伴问题更多相关;后者的部分原因是自尊，欺凌和虐待受害。这些协会在统计上显着，但small.ConclusionsOverall，更多的女性典型的行为一般与更大的后续情绪和同伴问题，男孩和女孩。未来的研究应该调查减少这些关联的因素，以及女性典型行为的潜在负面影响或男性典型行为的优势。由于这是一项为期14年的纵向研究，性别角色行为和情绪/同伴问题之间的关系值得进一步研究，尽管关联规模很小。
BackgroundRetrospective and cross‐sectional studies often report associations between childhood gender nonconformity and greater emotional and peer difficulties. This study used the ALSPAC birth cohort to investigate relationships between childhood gender‐typed behavior and peer and emotional problems throughout childhood and adolescence.MethodsA total of 11,192 participants had at least one measure of parent‐rated gender‐typed behavior in infancy; 7,049 participants had a measure of child‐rated gender‐typed behavior at 8.5 years. Separate linear mixed regression models were fitted to assess whether parent‐rated and child‐rated gender‐typed behaviors were associated with emotional and peer problems across childhood and adolescence (6–16 years old). The effect of adding covariates (self‐esteem, abuse, bullying, feeling accepted by peers, and feeling different) on these relationships was assessed.ResultsFor boys, more gender‐nonconforming behavior was associated with greater subsequent emotional and peer problems in childhood and adolescence. Adjusting for self‐esteem, relational bullying victimization, feeling different, or feeling accepted by peers reduced some of these associations. In contrast, for girls, more gender‐nonconforming behavior was associated withfeweremotional problems in childhood and adolescence. In girls,self‐reported gender‐nonconforming behavior was also associated with fewer parent‐rated peer problems butparent‐rated gender‐nonconforming behavior was associated with more parent‐rated peer problems; this latter association was partly explained by self‐esteem, bullying, and abuse victimization. These associations were statistically significant but small.ConclusionsOverall, more female‐typical behaviors were generally associated with greater subsequent emotional and peer problems, for both boys and girls. Future studies should investigate factors that reduced these associations, as well as potential negative effects of female‐typical behaviors or advantages of male‐typical ones. As this was a 14‐year longitudinal study, the relationships between gender‐role behaviors and emotional/peer problems warrant further research despite the small association sizes.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Harter
通讯作者：
S. Harter
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Oginni, O. A.;Robinson, E. J.;Rimes, K. A.
通讯作者：
Rimes, K. A.
儿童自我认知概况
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Harter
通讯作者：
S. Harter
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Jones, Abbeygail;Robinson, Emily;Rimes, Katharine A.
通讯作者：
Rimes, Katharine A.
DOI：
10.5194/gi-2018-6-rc3
发表时间：
2018-06
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
-Anonymous
通讯作者：
-Anonymous