Gene Silencing Mediated by siRNA-binding Fusion Proteins Is Attenuated by Double-stranded RNA-binding Domain Structure.

Gene Silencing Mediated by siRNA-binding Fusion Proteins Is Attenuated by Double-stranded RNA-binding Domain Structure.
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由siRNA结合融合蛋白介导的基因沉默被双链RNA结合结构域结构减弱。

DOI:
10.1038/mtna.2012.43
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发表时间:
2012-11-13
期刊:
Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids
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靶向特定细胞类型的小干扰RNA(siRNA)的递送对于基于RNA干扰的治疗剂的开发是一个重大挑战。最近,PTD-DRBD,一个双链RNA结合结构域(DRBD)融合到达特蛋白转导结构域(PTD),被证明是有效的,在提供siRNA的非细胞类型特异性的方式。在这里,我们评估了DRBD作为靶向小干扰RNA(siRNA)递送的一般蛋白质平台的潜力。我们发现,当与PTD以外的靶向肽融合时,单个DRBD不足以稳定地复合siRNA,这有助于非特异性核酸结合。与PTD-DRBD相比,含有两个DRBD(2× DRBD)的融合蛋白产生特异性和稳定的siRNA结合。这些蛋白质在体外可介导siRNA的细胞摄取,但与PTD-DRBD相比,内体截留减弱了基因沉默。我们的研究结果表明,与单个DRBD不同,2× DRBD抑制siRNA逃逸到细胞质中和/或诱导不同于PTD-DRBD的内化途径。总的来说,这些数据表明,虽然2× DRBD在与不同的细胞表面相互作用肽融合时保留了siRNA结合活性,但如果不进行进一步的蛋白质工程以提高所递送siRNA的生物利用度,2× DRBD用于细胞特异性RNA干扰的效用是有限的。
Delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeted to specific cell types is a significant challenge for the development of RNA interference-based therapeutics. Recently, PTD-DRBD, a double-stranded RNA binding domain (DRBD) fused to the TAT protein transduction domain (PTD), was shown to be effective at delivering siRNA in a non-cell type-specific manner. Here, we evaluated the potential of DRBD as a general protein platform for targeted small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery. We found that a single DRBD was insufficient to stably complex siRNA when fused to targeting peptides other than PTD, which facilitated nonspecific nucleic acid binding. In contrast to PTD-DRBD, fusion proteins containing two DRBDs (2× DRBD) yielded specific and stable siRNA binding. These proteins could mediate the cellular uptake of siRNA in vitro, though compared with PTD-DRBD gene silencing was attenuated by endosomal entrapment. Our findings suggest that unlike a single DRBD, 2× DRBD inhibits siRNA escape into the cytoplasm and/or induces an internalization pathway distinct from that of PTD-DRBD. Collectively, these data indicate that while 2× DRBD retains siRNA-binding activity when fused to different cell surface-interacting peptides, the utility of 2× DRBD for cell-specific RNA interference is limited without further protein engineering to enhance the bioavailability of the delivered siRNAs.
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