Trends in Obesity Prevalence Among Children and Adolescents in the United States, 1988-1994 Through 2013-2014.

Trends in Obesity Prevalence Among Children and Adolescents in the United States, 1988-1994 Through 2013-2014.
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DOI:
10.1001/jama.2016.6361
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发表时间:
2016-06-07
期刊:
JAMA
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Flegal KM
Flegal KM
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ogden CL;Carroll MD;Lawman HG;Fryar CD;Kruszon-Moran D;Kit BK;Flegal KM

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此前对儿童和青少年肥胖趋势的分析显示,1988-1994年和1999-2000年期间肥胖趋势有所增加,但2003-2004年和2011-2012年期间没有变化,除了2至5岁儿童的肥胖趋势显著下降。提供2011-2014年儿童和青少年肥胖和极度肥胖患病率的估计数,并调查1988-1994年和2013-2014年期间按年龄分列的趋势。1988-1994年至2013-2014年全国健康和营养检查调查中测量体重和身高的2至19岁儿童和青少年。调查期间。肥胖定义为体重指数(BMI)等于或高于美国疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)BMI年龄增长图表上的性别特异性第95百分位数。极度肥胖被定义为在CDC BMI年龄增长图表上BMI等于或高于性别特异性第95百分位数的120%。本报告提供了2011-2014年的详细估计数。使用9个调查期对流行率的线性和二次趋势进行了分析。还对2005-2006年和2013-2014年进行了趋势分析。分析了1988-1994年和2013-2014年之间40780名儿童和青少年(平均年龄11.0岁; 48.8%为女性)的测量结果。在2至19岁的儿童和青少年中,2011-2014年的肥胖患病率为17.0%(95% CI,15.5%-18.6%),极度肥胖为5.8%(95% CI,4.9%-6.8%)。在2至5岁的儿童中,(95%置信区间,5.8%-8.8%)降至13.9%(95%CI,10.7%-17.7%)(P < .001),然后在2013 - 2014年降至9.4%(95%CI,6.8%-12.6%)(P = .03)。在6至11岁的儿童中,(95%置信区间,9.4%-13.4%),1988-1994年为19.6%(95% CI,17.1%-22.4%)(P < .001),然后没有变化(2013-2014:17.4% [95% CI,13.8%-21.4%]; P = .44)。1988-1994年期间,12至19岁青少年的肥胖症有所增加(10.5% [95% CI,8.8%-12.5%])和2013-2014年(20.6% [95% CI,16.2%-25.6%]; P <0.001),6至11岁儿童的极度肥胖也是如此(1988-1994年为3.6% [95%CI,2.5%-5.0%],2013-2014年为4.3% [95%CI,3.0%-6.1%]; P = .02)和12至19岁青少年(1988-1994年为2.6% [95% CI,1.7%-3.9%],2013-2014年为9.1% [95% CI,7.0%-11.5%]; P < .001)。2005-2006年和2013-2014年之间未观察到显著趋势(P值范围,0.09 - 0.87)。在这项针对美国2至19岁儿童和青少年的全国代表性研究中,2011-2014年肥胖患病率为17.0%,极度肥胖为5.8%。在1988-1994年和2013-2014年之间,肥胖的患病率在2003-2004年之前增加,然后在2至5岁的儿童中下降,在2007-2008年之前增加,然后在6至11岁的儿童中趋于平稳,在12至19岁的青少年中增加。
Previous analyses of obesity trends among children and adolescents showed an increase between 1988–1994 and 1999–2000, but no change between 2003–2004 and 2011–2012, except for a significant decline among children aged 2 to 5 years. To provide estimates of obesity and extreme obesity prevalence for children and adolescents for 2011–2014 and investigate trends by age between 1988–1994 and 2013–2014. Children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years with measured weight and height in the 1988–1994 through 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Survey period. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) at or above the sex-specific 95th percentile on the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) BMI-for-age growth charts. Extreme obesity was defined as a BMI at or above 120% of the sex-specific 95th percentile on the CDC BMI-for-age growth charts. Detailed estimates are presented for 2011–2014. The analyses of linear and quadratic trends in prevalence were conducted using 9 survey periods. Trend analyses between 2005–2006 and 2013–2014 also were conducted. Measurements from 40 780 children and adolescents (mean age, 11.0 years; 48.8% female) between 1988–1994 and 2013–2014 were analyzed. Among children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years, the prevalence of obesity in 2011–2014 was 17.0% (95% CI, 15.5%−18.6%) and extreme obesity was 5.8% (95% CI, 4.9%−6.8%). Among children aged 2 to 5 years, obesity increased from 7.2% (95% CI, 5.8%−8.8%) in 1988–1994 to 13.9% (95% CI,10.7%−17.7%) (P < .001) in 2003–2004 and then decreased to 9.4% (95% CI, 6.8%−12.6%)(P = .03) in 2013–2014. Among children aged 6 to 11 years, obesity increased from 11.3% (95% CI, 9.4%−13.4%) in 1988–1994 to 19.6% (95% CI, 17.1%−22.4%) (P < .001) in 2007–2008, and then did not change (2013–2014: 17.4% [95% CI, 13.8%−21.4%]; P = .44). Obesity increased among adolescents aged 12 to 19 years between 1988–1994 (10.5% [95% CI, 8.8%−12.5%]) and 2013–2014 (20.6% [95% CI, 16.2%−25.6%]; P < .001) as did extreme obesity among children aged 6 to 11 years (3.6% [95% CI, 2.5%−5.0%] in 1988–1994 to 4.3% [95% CI,3.0%−6.1%] in 2013–2014; P = .02) and adolescents aged 12 to 19 years (2.6% [95% CI,1.7%−3.9%] in 1988–1994 to 9.1% [95% CI, 7.0%−11.5%] in 2013–2014; P < .001). No significant trends were observed between 2005–2006 and 2013–2014 (P value range, .09-.87). In this nationally representative study of US children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years, the prevalence of obesity in 2011–2014 was 17.0% and extreme obesity was 5.8%. Between 1988–1994 and 2013–2014, the prevalence of obesity increased until 2003–2004 and then decreased in children aged 2 to 5 years, increased until 2007–2008 and then leveled off in children aged 6 to 11 years, and increased among adolescents aged 12 to 19 years.
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2014.732
发表时间: 2014-02-26
期刊: JAMA
影响因子: --
作者:
Ogden CL;Carroll MD;Kit BK;Flegal KM
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