Structural basis of lipopolysaccharide maturation by the O-antigen ligase.

Structural basis of lipopolysaccharide maturation by the O-antigen ligase.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41586-022-04555-x
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发表时间:
2022-04
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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--
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革兰氏阴性菌的外膜具有主要由脂多糖组成的外部小叶,其提供选择性渗透屏障,特别是针对抗菌剂。脂多糖生物合成中的最后和关键步骤是向脂质A核心寡糖添加物种依赖性O-抗原,这是由O-抗原连接酶WaaL催化的。在这里,我们提出了结构的WaaL从贪铜菌metallidurans,无论是在载脂蛋白状态和复合物与其脂质载体十一异戊二烯焦磷酸,确定通过单粒子冷冻电子显微镜。结构表明WaaL包含12个跨膜螺旋和一个主要的α-螺旋周质区,我们发现该区域包含许多催化所需的保守残基。我们观察到糖基转移酶GT-C家族中的保守折叠,并假设它们具有将基于十一异戊二烯基的载体往返于活性位点的共同机制。结构,结合遗传学,生物化学,生物信息学和分子动力学模拟实验,提供分子的配体是如何在并置的细节,并允许我们提出一个催化的机理模型。总之,我们的工作为糖基转移酶GT-C超家族成员的脂多糖成熟提供了结构基础。
The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria has an external leaflet that is largely composed of lipopolysaccharide, which provides a selective permeation barrier, particularly against antimicrobials. The final and crucial step in the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide is the addition of a species-dependent O-antigen to the lipid A core oligosaccharide, which is catalysed by the O-antigen ligase WaaL. Here we present structures of WaaL from Cupriavidus metallidurans, both in the apo state and in complex with its lipid carrier undecaprenyl pyrophosphate, determined by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. The structures reveal that WaaL comprises 12 transmembrane helices and a predominantly α-helical periplasmic region, which we show contains many of the conserved residues that are required for catalysis. We observe a conserved fold within the GT-C family of glycosyltransferases and hypothesize that they have a common mechanism for shuttling the undecaprenyl-based carrier to and from the active site. The structures, combined with genetic, biochemical, bioinformatics and molecular dynamics simulation experiments, offer molecular details on how the ligands come in apposition, and allows us to propose a mechanistic model for catalysis. Together, our work provides a structural basis for lipopolysaccharide maturation in a member of the GT-C superfamily of glycosyltransferases.
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