Investigation of Mechanochemical Sonogashira Couplings─From Batch Solution to Continuous Reactive Extrusion through Ball-Milling Optimization

Investigation of Mechanochemical Sonogashira Couplings─From Batch Solution to Continuous Reactive Extrusion through Ball-Milling Optimization
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机械化学 Sonogashira 联轴器的研究——通过球磨优化从间歇解决方案到连续反应挤出

DOI:
10.1021/acs.oprd.3c00200
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Speight, Isaiah R.
Speight, Isaiah R.
中科院分区:
化学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hastings, Riley H.;Mokhtar, Mennatullah M.;Ruggles, Alexander;Schmidt, Constanze;Bourdeau, David;Haibach, Michael C.;Geneste, Hervé;Mack, James;Co, Sarah S.;Speight, Isaiah R.

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用于在工艺规模上进行化学反应的溶剂是活性药物成分(API)工艺生产中危险废物的最大来源。通常,提供最佳反应性能的溶剂是有毒的和对环境有害的。机械力化学作为有机合成的实用工具的迅速出现引起了过程化学家的兴趣,认为它是一种潜在的方法,可以减少溶剂的使用,并以更安全和环境友好的方式进行有机转化。反应挤出已成为化学家以连续方式进行多克规模反应的可行选择。在这里,我们展示了使用小规模的球磨实验作为筛选和优化系统,以允许翻译的Sonogashira耦合反应从小规模的双螺杆挤出在更大的规模实施。
Solvents used to run chemical reactions on a process scale are the largest contributors to hazardous waste in active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) process manufacturing. Frequently, the solvents providing optimal reaction performance are toxic and environmentally damaging. The rapid emergence of mechanochemistry as a practical tool for organic synthesis has piqued the interest of process chemists as a potential method that could reduce solvent use and perform organic transformations in a safer and environmentally friendly manner. Reactive extrusion has become a viable option for chemists to perform multigram-scale reactions in a continuous manner. Herein, we demonstrate the use of small-scale ball-milling experiments as a screening and optimizing system to allow translation of a Sonogashira coupling reaction from small-scale to twin-screw extrusion for implementation at a larger scale.
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