Economic Resilience: Definition and Measurement
Economic Resilience: Definition and Measurement
复制标题
经济弹性：定义和衡量
DOI：
10.1596/1813-9450-6852
复制
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Hallegatte
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Hallegatte
灾难对福利的影响不仅取决于事件的物理特征或其在生命和财产损失方面的直接影响。福利影响还取决于经济应对、恢复和重建的能力，从而最大限度地减少总消费损失。这种能力可以称为宏观经济对自然灾害的恢复能力。宏观经济弹性有两个组成部分：瞬时弹性，即在给定资产损失数量的情况下限制直接生产损失程度的能力；动态弹性，即重建和恢复的能力。福利影响还取决于微观经济弹性，而微观经济弹性取决于损失的分配；家庭的脆弱性，如灾前收入和通过储蓄、借贷和保险抵御长期冲击的能力，以及社会保护体系或全民风险分担机制。一个国家的（经济）福利灾害风险可以通过减少人员和资产的暴露或脆弱性（减少资产损失），增加宏观经济弹性（减少给定资产损失水平的总消费损失）或增加微观经济弹性（减少给定总消费损失水平的福利损失）来降低。本文提出了基于经济中相关参数来估计宏观经济和微观经济弹性的经验法则。它还提供了提高宏观或微观经济韧性的政策工具箱，以及可用于构建韧性指标的指标清单。
The welfare impact of a disaster does not only depend on the physical characteristics of the event or its direct impacts in terms of lost lives and assets. Welfare impacts also depend on the ability of the economy to cope, recover, and reconstruct and therefore to minimize aggregate consumption losses. This ability can be referred to as the macroeconomic resilience to natural disasters. Macroeconomic resilience has two components: instantaneous resilience, which is the ability to limit the magnitude of immediate production losses for a given amount of asset losses, and dynamic resilience, which is the ability to reconstruct and recover. Welfare impacts also depend on micro-economic resilience, which depends on the distribution of losses; on households' vulnerability, such as their pre-disaster income and ability to smooth shocks over time with savings, borrowing, and insurance, and on the social protection system, or the mechanisms for sharing risks across the population. The (economic) welfare disaster risk in a country can be reduced by reducing the exposure or vulnerability of people and assets (reducing asset losses), increasing macroeconomic resilience (reducing aggregate consumption losses for a given level of asset losses), or increasing microeconomic resilience (reducing welfare losses for a given level of aggregate consumption losses). The paper proposes rules of thumb to estimate macroeconomic and microeconomic resilience based on the relevant parameters in the economy. It also provides a toolbox of policies to increase macro- or micro-economic resilience and a list of indicators that can be used to build a resilience indicator.
影响因子：
3
作者：
Rose, A;Liao, SY
通讯作者：
Liao, SY