The role of gut-immune-brain signaling in substance use disorders.

The role of gut-immune-brain signaling in substance use disorders.
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DOI:
10.1016/bs.irn.2020.09.005
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kiraly DD
Kiraly DD
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lucerne KE;Kiraly DD

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物质使用障碍(SUD)是一种使人衰弱的神经精神疾病,在生命损失和个人痛苦方面需要付出巨大的代价。虽然在确定导致SUD的神经回路和细胞内信号级联方面取得了很大进展,但这些研究产生的有效治疗方案有限。这促使人们更多地探索成瘾的非传统目标。新出现的数据表明,来自外周系统(如免疫系统和肠道微生物组)的输入会影响多种神经精神疾病,包括SUD。直到最近,肠道微生物组,外周免疫系统和CNS才被独立研究;然而,目前的工作表明肠道微生物组和免疫系统相互作用,以调节大脑功能。此外,肠道微生物组和免疫系统通过广泛的双向通信相互密切调节。越来越多的证据表明,肠道-免疫-大脑通讯在物质使用障碍的发病机制中起着重要作用。因此,更好地了解肠道免疫脑信号可能会对成瘾病理学和潜在的治疗方案产生重要的见解。
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are debilitating neuropsychiatric conditions that exact enormous costs in terms of loss of life and individual suffering. While much progress has been made defining the neurocircuitry and intracellular signaling cascades that contribute to SUDs, these studies have yielded limited effective treatment options. This has prompted greater exploration of non-traditional targets in addiction. Emerging data suggest inputs from peripheral systems, such as the immune system and the gut microbiome, impact multiple neuropsychiatric diseases, including SUDs. Until recently the gut microbiome, peripheral immune system, and the CNS have been studied independently; however, current work shows the gut microbiome and immune system critically interact to modulate brain function. Additionally, the gut microbiome and immune system intimately regulate one another via extensive bidirectional communication. Accumulating evidence suggests an important role for gut-immune-brain communication in the pathogenesis of substance use disorders. Thus, a better understanding of gut-immune-brain signaling could yield important insight to addiction pathology and potential treatment options.
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