The endocannabinoid system and breathing.
The endocannabinoid system and breathing.
复制标题
内源性大麻素系统和呼吸。
DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2023.1126004
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Largent-Milnes, Tally M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wiese, Beth M.;Reyes, Angelica Alvarez;Vanderah, Todd W.;Largent-Milnes, Tally M.
最近大麻可及性的变化为多种疾病状态的患者提供了辅助治疗，并凸显了了解大麻素和内源性大麻素 (EC) 系统如何与其他生理结构相互作用的紧迫性。 EC 系统在呼吸稳态和肺功能中发挥着关键的调节作用。呼吸控制始于脑干，没有外周输入，并协调前波辛格复合体（腹侧呼吸群的一个组成部分），与背侧呼吸群相互作用以同步爆发活动并驱动吸气。额外的节律发生器：梯形后核/面旁呼吸群在运动或高二氧化碳条件下驱动主动呼气。结合来自外周的反馈信息：通过化学和压力感受器，包括颈动脉体、脑神经、膈肌和肋间肌的伸展、肺组织、免疫细胞和脑神经，我们的呼吸系统可以微调运动输出，以确保我们拥有生存所需的氧气，并可以排出我们产生的二氧化碳废物，而这个过程的各个方面都可以受到 EC 系统的影响。随着大麻获取渠道的扩大和潜在的治疗益处，继续调查以揭示 EC 系统的基础和机制至关重要。必须了解大麻和外源性大麻素对这些生理系统的影响，以及其中一些化合物与阿片类药物或其他药物疗法结合使用时如何减轻呼吸抑制。这篇综述从中枢呼吸功能与外周呼吸功能的角度重点介绍了呼吸系统，以及这些行为如何受到 EC 系统的影响。本综述将总结有关呼吸中有机和合成大麻素的现有文献，以及这些文献如何影响我们对 EC 系统在呼吸稳态中作用的理解。最后，我们研究了 EC 系统在治疗呼吸系统疾病方面的一些潜在的未来治疗应用，以及在扩大阿片类药物治疗的安全性方面可能发挥的作用，同时防止未来因呼吸骤停或持续性呼吸暂停导致的阿片类药物过量死亡。
Recent changes in cannabis accessibility have provided adjunct therapies for patients across numerous disease states and highlights the urgency in understanding how cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid (EC) system interact with other physiological structures. The EC system plays a critical and modulatory role in respiratory homeostasis and pulmonary functionality. Respiratory control begins in the brainstem without peripheral input, and coordinates the preBötzinger complex, a component of the ventral respiratory group that interacts with the dorsal respiratory group to synchronize burstlet activity and drive inspiration. An additional rhythm generator: the retrotrapezoid nucleus/parafacial respiratory group drives active expiration during conditions of exercise or high CO2. Combined with the feedback information from the periphery: through chemo- and baroreceptors including the carotid bodies, the cranial nerves, stretch of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, lung tissue, and immune cells, and the cranial nerves, our respiratory system can fine tune motor outputs that ensure we have the oxygen necessary to survive and can expel the CO2 waste we produce, and every aspect of this process can be influenced by the EC system. The expansion in cannabis access and potential therapeutic benefits, it is essential that investigations continue to uncover the underpinnings and mechanistic workings of the EC system. It is imperative to understand the impact cannabis, and exogenous cannabinoids have on these physiological systems, and how some of these compounds can mitigate respiratory depression when combined with opioids or other medicinal therapies. This review highlights the respiratory system from the perspective of central versus peripheral respiratory functionality and how these behaviors can be influenced by the EC system. This review will summarize the literature available on organic and synthetic cannabinoids in breathing and how that has shaped our understanding of the role of the EC system in respiratory homeostasis. Finally, we look at some potential future therapeutic applications the EC system has to offer for the treatment of respiratory diseases and a possible role in expanding the safety profile of opioid therapies while preventing future opioid overdose fatalities that result from respiratory arrest or persistent apnea.
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影响因子：
4
作者：
Porzionato A;Stocco E;Guidolin D;Agnati L;Macchi V;De Caro R
通讯作者：
De Caro R
影响因子：
7.3
作者：
Makriyannis A
通讯作者：
Makriyannis A
DOI：
10.3389/fpain.2021.673638
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Boullon L;Finn DP;Llorente-Berzal Á
通讯作者：
Llorente-Berzal Á
影响因子：
9.7
作者：
Bradford, Ashley C.;Bradford, W. David
通讯作者：
Bradford, W. David
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm.156.5.9704146
发表时间：
1997-11-01
影响因子：
24.7
作者：
Baldwin, GC;Tashkin, DP;Roth, MD
通讯作者：
Roth, MD