Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy of a small-molecule SMN2 splicing modifier in mouse models of spinal muscular atrophy.

Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy of a small-molecule SMN2 splicing modifier in mouse models of spinal muscular atrophy.
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DOI:
10.1093/hmg/ddw062
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发表时间:
2016-05-15
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Weetall M
Weetall M
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhao X;Feng Z;Ling KK;Mollin A;Sheedy J;Yeh S;Petruska J;Narasimhan J;Dakka A;Welch EM;Karp G;Chen KS;Metzger F;Ratni H;Lotti F;Tisdale S;Naryshkin NA;Pellizzoni L;Paushkin S;Ko CP;Weetall M

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脊髓性肌萎缩症 (SMA) 是由运动神经元存活基因 1 (SMN1) 两个拷贝的丢失或突变引起的。相关的 SMN2 基因被保留,但由于外显子 7 的选择性剪接,产生的 SMN 蛋白水平不足。在这里,我们系统地表征了 SMN 剪接修饰剂 SMN-C1 的药代动力学和药效学特性。 SMN-C1 是一种低分子量化合物,可促进外显子 7 的包含并增加人类细胞和两种 SMA 转基因小鼠模型中 SMN 蛋白的产生。此外,外周血单核细胞和皮肤中 SMN 蛋白水平的增加与中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中的 SMN 蛋白水平相关,表明血液或皮肤中这些水平的变化可以用作非侵入性替代指标来监测 CNS 中 SMN 蛋白水平的增加。与 SMN 功能恢复一致,SMN-C1 治疗增加了 SMNΔ7 SMA 小鼠脊髓中剪接体和 U7 小核 RNA 的水平,并纠正了因 SMN 缺陷引起的 RNA 加工缺陷。 SMNΔ7 SMA 小鼠 CNS 中 SMN 蛋白增加 100% 或更高,可显着改善表型。重要的是,SMN 增加约 50% 会导致长期生存,但 SMA 表型仅得到部分纠正,表明某些 SMA 疾病表现可能对较低剂量的治疗有反应。总的来说,我们为将临床前数据转化为临床以及进一步开发该系列用于 SMA 治疗的分子提供了重要的见解。
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by the loss or mutation of both copies of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. The related SMN2 gene is retained, but due to alternative splicing of exon 7, produces insufficient levels of the SMN protein. Here, we systematically characterize the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics properties of the SMN splicing modifier SMN-C1. SMN-C1 is a low-molecular weight compound that promotes the inclusion of exon 7 and increases production of SMN protein in human cells and in two transgenic mouse models of SMA. Furthermore, increases in SMN protein levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and skin correlate with those in the central nervous system (CNS), indicating that a change of these levels in blood or skin can be used as a non-invasive surrogate to monitor increases of SMN protein levels in the CNS. Consistent with restored SMN function, SMN-C1 treatment increases the levels of spliceosomal and U7 small-nuclear RNAs and corrects RNA processing defects induced by SMN deficiency in the spinal cord of SMNΔ7 SMA mice. A 100% or greater increase in SMN protein in the CNS of SMNΔ7 SMA mice robustly improves the phenotype. Importantly, a ∼50% increase in SMN leads to long-term survival, but the SMA phenotype is only partially corrected, indicating that certain SMA disease manifestations may respond to treatment at lower doses. Overall, we provide important insights for the translation of pre-clinical data to the clinic and further therapeutic development of this series of molecules for SMA treatment.
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运动神经元细胞非自主拯救轻度和重度转基因小鼠模型中的脊髓性肌萎缩症表型
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