The dynamic effects of nicotine on the developing brain.
The dynamic effects of nicotine on the developing brain.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.02.003
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发表时间：
2009-05
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
Leslie, Frances M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dwyer, Jennifer B.;McQuown, Susan C.;Leslie, Frances M.
烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体(NAChRs)在出生前、出生后早期和青春期调节大脑成熟的关键方面。在这些发育窗口期，nAChRs经常被瞬时上调或改变那些正在经历分化和突触形成的主要阶段的神经结构中的亚单位组成，并且对环境刺激敏感。尼古丁暴露，最常见的是通过烟草烟雾，但越来越多地通过尼古丁替代疗法，已被证明对发育中的人类大脑有独特的影响。与乙酰胆碱的动态发育作用一致，外源性尼古丁产生的影响是暴露在特定时期所特有的，并影响当时乙酰胆碱调节的发育结构。在此，我们回顾了从临床文献和临床前动物模型中获得的证据，这些证据表明，尼古丁暴露的不同影响最好在敏感成熟期nAChRs的区域和时间表达模式以及乙酰胆碱对正常发育影响的干扰的背景下进行评估。我们提出的证据表明，尼古丁在啮齿类动物的产前(相当于人类的早、中期)干扰儿茶酚胺和脑干自主神经核的发育，在出生后的早期(人类的晚期)改变新皮质、海马体和小脑，并影响边缘系统和青春期的晚期单胺成熟。
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) regulate critical aspects of brain maturation during the prenatal, early postnatal, and adolescent periods. During these developmental windows, nAChRs are often transiently upregulated or change subunit composition in those neural structures that are undergoing major phases of differentiation and synaptogenesis, and are sensitive to environmental stimuli. Nicotine exposure, most often via tobacco smoke, but increasingly via nicotine replacement therapy, has been shown to have unique effects on the developing human brain. Consistent with a dynamic developmental role for acetylcholine, exogenous nicotine produces effects that are unique to the period of exposure and that impact the developing structures regulated by acetylcholine at that time. Here we present a review of the evidence, available from both the clinical literature and preclinical animal models, which suggests that the diverse effects of nicotine exposure are best evaluated in the context of regional and temporal expression patterns of nAChRs during sensitive maturational periods, and disruption of the normal developmental influences of acetylcholine. We present evidence that nicotine interferes with catecholamine and brainstem autonomic nuclei development during the prenatal period of the rodent (equivalent to first and second trimester of the human), alters the neocortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum during the early postnatal period (third trimester of the human), and influences limbic system and late monoamine maturation during adolescence.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0165-3806(98)00116-3
发表时间：
1998-11-01
期刊：
DEVELOPMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bolanos, CA;Glatt, SJ;Jackson, D
通讯作者：
Jackson, D
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Aztiria, E;Gotti, C;Domenici, L
通讯作者：
Domenici, L
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Adriani, W;Macrì, S;Laviola, G
通讯作者：
Laviola, G
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
ALTMAN, J;BAYER, SA
通讯作者：
BAYER, SA
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
BAYER, SA;ALTMAN, J
通讯作者：
ALTMAN, J