Vulnerability to extreme heat by socio-demographic characteristics and area green space among the elderly in Michigan, 1990-2007.
Vulnerability to extreme heat by socio-demographic characteristics and area green space among the elderly in Michigan, 1990-2007.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2014.08.042
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发表时间：
2015-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
O'Neill, Marie S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gronlund, Carina J.;Berrocal, Veronica J.;White-Newsome, Jalonne L.;Conlon, Kathryn C.;O'Neill, Marie S.
我们研究了 1990 年 5 月至 9 月期间密歇根州 8 个城市老年居民中个人和地区的社会人口特征如何独立改变极端高温 (EH) 与死亡率之间的关联。在时间分层病例交叉设计中，我们将特定原因死亡率与 EH（高于 97 或 99 百分位数的 4 天平均、最低、最高或表观温度的指标）进行回归。我们研究了 EH 与个人婚姻状况、年龄、种族、性别和教育以及邮政编码“非绿地”百分比（国家土地覆盖数据集）、年龄、种族、收入、教育、独居和住房年龄（美国人口普查）之间相互作用的影响修正。在包含多重效应修正因子的模型中，非已婚个体（1.21，95% CI = 1.14-1.28 vs. 0.98，95% CI = 0.90-1.07）中 EH（第 99 个百分位数阈值）期间心血管死亡率高于已婚个体，以及邮政编码高（91%）非绿化空间的个体（1.17，95% CI = 1.06-1.29 与 0.98，95% CI = 0.89-1.07（邮政编码区非绿化空间较低（39%）的个体）。结果表明，住房年龄也可能是一个影响因素。对于 EH-呼吸死亡率关联，温度指标和 EH 百分位数阈值之间的结果不一致，但基本上不显着。绿地、住房和社会隔离可能独立地增加老年人与热相关的心血管死亡的脆弱性。地方适应工作应针对风险较大的地区和人群。
We examined how individual and area socio-demographic characteristics independently modified the extreme heat (EH)-mortality association among elderly residents of 8 Michigan cities, May-September, 1990-2007. In a time-stratified case-crossover design, we regressed cause-specific mortality against EH (indicator for 4-day mean, minimum, maximum or apparent temperature above 97th or 99th percentiles). We examined effect modification with interactions between EH and personal marital status, age, race, sex and education and ZIP-code percent “non-green space” (National Land Cover Dataset), age, race, income, education, living alone, and housing age (U.S. Census). In models including multiple effect modifiers, the odds of cardiovascular mortality during EH (99th percentile threshold) vs. non-EH were higher among non-married individuals (1.21, 95% CI = 1.14-1.28 vs. 0.98, 95% CI = 0.90-1.07 among married individuals) and individuals in ZIP codes with high (91%) non-green space (1.17, 95% CI = 1.06-1.29 vs. 0.98, 95% CI = 0.89-1.07 among individuals in ZIP codes with low (39%) non-green space). Results suggested that housing age may also be an effect modifier. For the EH-respiratory mortality association, the results were inconsistent between temperature metrics and percentile thresholds of EH but largely insignificant. Green space, housing and social isolation may independently enhance elderly peoples’ heat-related cardiovascular mortality vulnerability. Local adaptation efforts should target areas and populations at greater risk.
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影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Smargiassi A;Goldberg MS;Plante C;Fournier M;Baudouin Y;Kosatsky T
通讯作者：
Kosatsky T
影响因子：
5
作者：
Medina-Ramón, M;Zanobetti, A;Schwartz, J
通讯作者：
Schwartz, J
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Mitchell, Richard;Popham, Frank
通讯作者：
Popham, Frank
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Braga AL;Zanobetti A;Schwartz J
通讯作者：
Schwartz J
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Sheridan, Scott C.
通讯作者：
Sheridan, Scott C.