Extreme value statistics and Arcsine laws of Brownian motion in the presence of a permeable barrier

Extreme value statistics and Arcsine laws of Brownian motion in the presence of a permeable barrier
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存在渗透屏障时布朗运动的极值统计和反正弦定律

DOI:
10.1088/1751-8121/ace8d7
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
Mathematical and Theoretical
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kay T
Kay T
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
--
作者:
Kay T

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布朗运动的反正弦定律是描述一维布朗运动的三个不同统计量的结果的集合:过程到达其最大位置的时间,过程在正半空间中花费的总时间和过程最后一次穿过原点的时间。值得注意的是,这三个观测值的累积概率都遵循相同的分布,即反正弦分布。但在真实的系统中,空间往往是异质的,这些定律很可能不再成立。在本文中,我们将探讨这样一个场景,并研究如何存在的空间异质性改变这些反正弦定律。具体来说,我们考虑的情况下,薄的可渗透屏障,这是经常被用来代表扩散阻碍异质性的物理和生物系统,如多层电极,电间隙连接,细胞膜和分散动物的景观碎片。使用Feynman-Kac形式主义和路径分解技术,我们能够找到三个感兴趣的统计量的概率分布的确切时间依赖性。我们发现,一个可渗透的屏障有很大的影响,这些分布在短时间内,但这种影响是影响力较小的时间变得很长。特别是,障碍的存在意味着三个分布不再相同,并且其均值对称性被打破。我们还研究了一个密切相关的统计量,即布朗粒子的最大位移的分布,并表明它偏离通常的半高斯形式显着。
The Arcsine laws of Brownian motion are a collection of results describing three different statistical quantities of one-dimensional Brownian motion: the time at which the process reaches its maximum position, the total time the process spends in the positive half-space and the time at which the process crosses the origin for the last time. Remarkably the cumulative probabilities of these three observables all follow the same distribution, the Arcsine distribution. But in real systems, space is often heterogeneous, and these laws are likely to hold no longer. In this paper we explore such a scenario and study how the presence of a spatial heterogeneity alters these Arcsine laws. Specifically we consider the case of a thin permeable barrier, which is often employed to represent diffusion impeding heterogeneities in physical and biological systems such as multilayer electrodes, electrical gap junctions, cell membranes and fragmentation in the landscape for dispersing animals. Using the Feynman–Kac formalism and path decomposition techniques we are able to find the exact time-dependence of the probability distribution of the three statistical quantities of interest. We show that a permeable barrier has a large impact on these distributions at short times, but this impact is less influential as time becomes long. In particular, the presence of a barrier means that the three distributions are no longer identical with symmetry about their means being broken. We also study a closely related statistical quantity, namely, the distribution of the maximum displacement of a Brownian particle and show that it deviates significantly from the usual half-Gaussian form.
达到平稳随机过程最大值的时间。
DOI: --
发表时间: 2022
期刊: Physical Review E
影响因子: 2.4
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关于随机变量之和的波动
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发表时间: 1955
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任意维度中运行翻滚粒子的普遍性质。
DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.042133
发表时间: 2020
期刊: Physical review. E
影响因子: --
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