Effectiveness of Trachomatous Trichiasis Case-identification Approaches in Ethiopia.

Effectiveness of Trachomatous Trichiasis Case-identification Approaches in Ethiopia.
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埃塞俄比亚沙眼倒睫病例识别方法的有效性。

DOI:
10.1097/ede.0000000000001656
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gower,EmilyW
Gower,EmilyW
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Diallo,AlphaOumar;Bayissasse,Belay;Sisay,Alemayehu;Seyum,Dawit;Weaver,Jerusha;Munoz,Beatriz;Merbs,ShannathL;Gower,EmilyW

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背景:沙眼控制项目使用多种方法来识别沙眼倒睫(TT)患者。证据是有限的,关于哪些方法是最有效的和成本效益。方法:我们评估了两个TT的情况下,在埃塞俄比亚识别方法的有效性:社区动员,以鼓励自我转诊的集中筛选和逐户筛选进行的情况下发现者。我们比较了每1000人中发现的真实病例数和每种方法下与病例识别相关的成本,按接受一次或多次筛查访视的村庄分层。在接受一次逐户访问的村庄中,病例发现者确定了14,229例疑似病例,其中10,513例(73.9%)进行了TT确认。真正出现TT(阳性预测值)的患者的中位数为17.2%(四分位数间距[IQR]:9.1%-27.8%)。在单次访问的村庄中,社区动员方法产生的确诊病例率高于挨家挨户方法(每1000人1.5 [IQR:1.1,2.6]对1.1 [IQR:0.5,1.9]例),使用社区动员识别TT病例的中位成本低于挨家挨户方法(5.59美元对31.18美元)。在多次访问的村庄,额外的筛查访问增加了确诊病例的中位数率为2.5每1000人口在社区动员的村庄,但在房子到房子的village.Conclusions率保持不变:社区动员为基础的TT病例发现有一个更高的产量比房子到房子,在大幅降低成本。未来的研究应该检查是否有额外的工具,以帮助病例发现者在他们的诊断增加病例发现的效率和准确性,以及TT的患病率和手术计划的持续时间是否影响病例发现的成功。
Background:Trachoma control programs use multiple approaches to identify individuals with trachomatous trichiasis (TT). Evidence is limited regarding which approaches are most effective and cost-efficient.Methods:We evaluated the effectiveness of two TT case-identification approaches in Ethiopia: community mobilization to encourage self-referral for centralized screening and house-to-house screenings conducted by case finders. We compared the number of true cases found per 1000 population and costs associated with case identification under each approach, stratified by villages that received one or multiple screening visits.Results:We conducted screenings in 396 villages. In villages receiving one house-to-house visit, case finders identified 14,229 suspected cases, of whom 10,513 (73.9%) presented for TT confirmation. A median of 17.2%(interquartile range [IQR]: 9.1%–27.8%) of those presenting truly had TT (positive predictive value). In single-visit villages, the community mobilization approach yielded higher rates of confirmed cases than the house-to-house approach (1.5 [IQR: 1.1, 2.6] vs. 1.1 [IQR: 0.5, 1.9] cases per 1000 population), and the median cost of identifying a TT case was less ($5.59 vs. $31.18) using community mobilization than house-to-house. In multiple-visit villages, additional screening visits increased the median rate of confirmed cases to 2.5 per 1000 population in community mobilization villages, but the rate remained unchanged in house-to-house villages.Conclusions:Community mobilization-based TT case finding had a higher yield than house-to-house, at a substantially lower cost. Future research should examine whether additional tools to aid case finders in their diagnosis increases case-finding efficiency and accuracy and whether TT prevalence and surgical program duration impact case-finding success.
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