Copper tolerance and virulence in bacteria.

Copper tolerance and virulence in bacteria.
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DOI:
10.1039/c4mt00327f
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发表时间:
2015-06
期刊:
Metallomics : integrated biometal science
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Petris MJ
Petris MJ
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ladomersky E;Petris MJ

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铜(Cu)是所有需氧生物必需的微量元素。它作为酶中的辅因子,催化各种氧化还原反应,因为它能够在两种氧化态Cu(I)和Cu(II)之间循环。如果铜的体内平衡得不到维持,铜的这种相同的氧化还原性质有可能导致毒性。研究表明,铜的毒性被宿主的先天免疫系统利用来杀死细菌。为了对抗这种防御,细菌依靠铜耐受基因在宿主体内产生毒性。这些发现表明细菌铜中毒是宿主营养免疫的一个组成部分,从而扩大了我们对铜在生物学中作用的认识。这篇综述总结了我们目前对细菌铜耐受性的认识,以及这些途径在多大程度上有助于宿主内细菌的毒力。
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for all aerobic organisms. It functions as a cofactor in enzymes that catalyze a wide variety of redox reactions due to its ability to cycle between two oxidation states, Cu(I) and Cu(II). This same redox property of copper has the potential to cause toxicity if copper homeostasis is not maintained. Studies suggest that the toxic properties of copper are harnessed by the innate immune system of the host to kill bacteria. To counter such defenses, bacteria rely on copper tolerance genes for virulence within the host. These discoveries suggest bacterial copper intoxication is a component of host nutritional immunity, thus expanding our knowledge of the roles of copper in biology. This review summarizes our current understanding of copper tolerance in bacteria, and the extent to which these pathways contribute to bacterial virulence within the host.
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