Mechanistic insight into digoxin inactivation by Eggerthella lenta augments our understanding of its pharmacokinetics.

Mechanistic insight into digoxin inactivation by Eggerthella lenta augments our understanding of its pharmacokinetics.
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DOI:
10.4161/gmic.27915
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发表时间:
2014-03
期刊:
影响因子:
12.2
通讯作者:
Turnbaugh PJ
Turnbaugh PJ
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Haiser HJ;Seim KL;Balskus EP;Turnbaugh PJ

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The human gut microbiota plays a key role in pharmacology, yet the mechanisms responsible remain unclear, impeding efforts toward personalized medicine. We recently identified a cytochrome-encoding operon in the common gut Actinobacterium Eggerthella lenta that is transcriptionally activated by the cardiac drug digoxin. These genes represent a predictive microbial biomarker for the inactivation of digoxin. Gnotobiotic mouse experiments revealed that increased protein intake can limit microbial drug inactivation. Here, we present a biochemical rationale for how the proteins encoded by this operon might inactivate digoxin through substrate promiscuity. We discuss digoxin signaling in eukaryotic systems, and consider the possibility that endogenous digoxin-like molecules may have selected for microbial digoxin inactivation. Finally, we highlight the diverse contributions of gut microbes to drug metabolism, present a generalized approach to studying microbe-drug interactions, and argue that mechanistic studies will pave the way for the clinical application of this work.
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