Activation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ameliorates HIV-associated neurology and neuropathology.

Activation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ameliorates HIV-associated neurology and neuropathology.
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α7烟碱乙酰胆碱受体的激活可改善HIV相关的神经学和神经病理学

DOI:
10.1093/brain/awab251
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发表时间:
2021-12-16
期刊:
Brain : a journal of neurology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
He JJ
He JJ
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhao X;Wilson K;Uteshev V;He JJ

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联合抗逆转录病毒治疗时代的HIV相关神经认知障碍(HAND)主要表现为行为受损、神经胶质活化/神经炎症和神经元完整性受损,目前尚无有效的治疗方法。在当前的研究中,我们使用多西环素诱导的星形胶质细胞特异性 HIV Tat 转基因小鼠 (iTat)(一种替代 HAND 模型),并确定了 PNU-125096(α7 烟碱乙酰胆碱受体 (α7 nAChR) 的正变构调节剂)对 Tat 诱导的行为障碍和神经病理的影响。我们发现,PNU-125096 治疗显着改善 iTat 小鼠的运动、学习和记忆缺陷,同时抑制神经胶质细胞活化并增加 iTat 小鼠皮质和海马中的 PSD-95 表达。使用 α7 nAChR 敲除小鼠,我们发现 α7 nAChR 敲除消除了 PNU-125096 对 iTat 小鼠的保护作用。此外,我们还发现,p38 MAPK 特异性抑制剂 SB239063 对 p38 磷酸化的抑制会加剧 iTat 小鼠中的 Tat 神经毒性。最后,我们使用原代小鼠皮质个体培养物和神经元-星形胶质细胞共培养物以及 iTat 小鼠脑组织的体内染色,结果表明胶质细胞活化直接参与 Tat 神经毒性、α7 nAChR 活化和 p38 MAPK 信号通路之间的相互作用。总而言之,这些发现首次证明 α7 nAChR 激活可以预防 HAND,并表明 α7 nAChR 调节剂 PNU-125096 为 HAND 疗法的开发带来了重大前景。赵等人。研究表明,PNU-125096 是 α7 烟碱乙酰胆碱受体的正变构调节剂,可在 HIV 相关神经认知障碍 (HAND) 替代模型中防止神经学和神经病理学变化,这表明对患者的治疗潜力。
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy are primarily manifested as impaired behaviours, glial activation/neuroinflammation and compromised neuronal integrity, for which there are no effective treatments currently available. In the current study, we used doxycycline-inducible astrocyte-specific HIV Tat transgenic mice (iTat), a surrogate HAND model, and determined effects of PNU-125096, a positive allosteric modulator of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) on Tat-induced behavioural impairments and neuropathologies. We showed that PNU-125096 treatment significantly improved locomotor, learning and memory deficits of iTat mice while inhibited glial activation and increased PSD-95 expression in the cortex and hippocampus of iTat mice. Using α7 nAChR knockout mice, we showed that α7 nAChR knockout eliminated the protective effects of PNU-125096 on iTat mice. In addition, we showed that inhibition of p38 phosphorylation by SB239063, a p38 MAPK-specific inhibitor exacerbated Tat neurotoxicity in iTat mice. Last, we used primary mouse cortical individual cultures and neuron-astrocytes co-cultures and in vivo staining of iTat mouse brain tissues and showed that glial activation was directly involved in the interplay among Tat neurotoxicity, α7 nAChR activation and the p38 MAPK signalling pathway. Taken together, these findings demonstrated for the first time that α7 nAChR activation led to protection against HAND and suggested that α7 nAChR modulator PNU-125096 holds significant promise for development of therapeutics for HAND. Zhao et al. show that PNU-125096, a positive allosteric modulator of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, protects against neurological and neuropathological changes in a surrogate model of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), suggesting therapeutic potential for patients.
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