The ratio and concentration of two monoterpenes mediate fecundity of the pinewood nematode and growth of its associated fungi.
The ratio and concentration of two monoterpenes mediate fecundity of the pinewood nematode and growth of its associated fungi.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0031716
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sun J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Niu H;Zhao L;Lu M;Zhang S;Sun J
松材线虫是一种重要的入侵害虫，也是马尾松松材线虫病的病原菌，主要由松材线虫传播。以前的工作表明，在健康的树木和含有蓝斑真菌的树木(以及松墨天牛幼虫)之间，α-Pinene：β-Pinene的比例和浓度不同。然而，改变的单萜烯比例和浓度对PWN和相关真菌的潜在影响尚不清楚。我们目前的结果表明，培养皿中低浓度的单萜烯降低了PWN的繁殖，而高浓度的单萜烯则促进了PWN的繁殖。代表松材线虫蓝斑病菌的单萜烯比例(α-Pinene：β-Pinene = 1：0.80,137.6 mg/ml)显著高于健康松材线虫或被松墨天牛取食危害的松材线虫(α-Pinene：β-Pinene = 1：0.10,137.6 mg/ml)，但未见蓝斑。此外，对伴生真菌菌丝生长的抑制作用随着单萜类化合物α-Pinene和β-Pinene浓度的增加而增加。此外，较高水平的β-Pinene(α-Pinene：β-Pinene = 1：0.8)对伴生真菌Sporothrix sp.2和Ophiostoma iPS菌株的生长有较大的抑制作用，但对Pwn的最佳食物来源Sporothrix sp.1的生长没有显著影响。这些结果表明，寄主单萜类化合物通常会减少白纹伊蚊的繁殖。然而，白纹伊蚊利用较高的单萜浓度和当地的蓝斑真菌Sporothrix sp.1来提高自身的繁殖能力和克服寄主抗性，这可能为了解白纹伊蚊成功入侵的生态机制提供线索。
The pinewood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, vectored primarily by the sawyer beetle, Monochamus alternatus, is an important invasive pest and causal agent of pine wilt disease of Chinese Masson pine, Pinus massoniana. Previous work demonstrated that the ratios and concentrations of α-pinene∶β-pinene differed between healthy trees and those trees containing blue-stain fungus (and M. alternatus pupae). However, the potential influence of the altered monoterpene ratios and concentrations on PWN and associated fungi remained unknown. Our current results show that low concentrations of the monoterpenes within petri dishes reduced PWN propagation, whereas the highest concentration of the monoterpenes increased PWN propagation. The propagation rate of PWN treated with the monoterpene ratio representative of blue-stain infected pine (α-pinene∶β-pinene = 1∶0.8, 137.6 mg/ml) was significantly higher than that (α-pinene∶β-pinene = 1∶0.1, 137.6 mg/ml) representative of healthy pines or those damaged by M. alternatus feeding, but without blue stain. Furthermore, inhibition of mycelial growth of associated fungi increased with the concentration of the monoterpenes α-pinene and β-pinene. Additionally, higher levels of β-pinene (α-pinene∶β-pinene = 1∶0.8) resulted in greater inhibition of the growth of the associated fungi Sporothrix sp.2 and Ophiostoma ips strains, but had no significant effects on the growth of Sporothrix sp.1, which is the best food resource for PWN. These results suggest that host monoterpenes generally reduce the reproduction of PWN. However, PWN utilizes high monoterpene concentrations and native blue-stain fungus Sporothrix sp.1 to improve its own propagation and overcome host resistance, which may provide clues to understanding the ecological mechanisms of PWN's successful invasion.
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影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Aikawa, T;Togashi, K
通讯作者：
Togashi, K
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
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影响因子：
5.8
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作者：
Camurca-Vasconcelos, A. L. F.;Bevilaqua, C. M. L.;Vieira, L. S.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Hofstetter, RW;Mahfouz, JB;Ayres, MP
通讯作者：
Ayres, MP