Hyperthermal-driven mass extinctions: killing models during the Permian-Triassic mass extinction.
Hyperthermal-driven mass extinctions: killing models during the Permian-Triassic mass extinction.
复制标题
高温驱动的质量灭绝：二叠纪三叠纪质量灭绝期间的杀死模型。
DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2017.0076
复制
发表时间：
2018-10-13
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Benton MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Benton MJ
海洋和陆地上许多生命的大规模灭绝都归因于地质学上的快速加热，而在二叠纪-三叠纪和其他情况下，则是由大火成岩省火山作用驱动的。西伯利亚圈闭的喷发使环境温度上升到35-40°C。一个关键的问题是，在这些事件和其他事件中，大规模的火山爆发如何杀死海洋和陆地上的生命;这里审查了拟议的杀手。在海洋中，底栖生物和浮游生物分别被缺氧-真善美和致死加热杀死，适居深度带大幅度减少。在陆地上，极端高温和干旱的结合减少了可居住的土地面积，酸雨侵蚀了森林和土壤。生理学实验表明，有些动物可以适应几度的温度上升，有些动物可以在10 ℃的短暂上升中生存下来。然而，大多数植物和动物在35-40°C的温度下遭受重大的生理损害。关于极端物理条件对现代生物体的影响的研究，以及关于环境变化率的假设，直接证明了过去的超高温可能造成的死亡效应。这篇文章是讨论会议问题的一部分“高温：我们地质学过去的快速和极端全球变暖”。
Many mass extinctions of life in the sea and on land have been attributed to geologically rapid heating, and in the case of the Permian–Triassic and others, driven by large igneous province volcanism. The Siberian Traps eruptions raised ambient temperatures to 35–40°C. A key question is how massive eruptions during these events, and others, could have killed life in the sea and on land; proposed killers are reviewed here. In the oceans, benthos and plankton were killed by anoxia–euxinia and lethal heating, respectively, and the habitable depth zone was massively reduced. On land, the combination of extreme heating and drought reduced the habitable land area, and acid rain stripped forests and soils. Physiological experiments show that some animals can adapt to temperature rises of a few degrees, and that some can survive short episodes of increases of 10°C. However, most plants and animals suffer major physiological damage at temperatures of 35–40°C. Studies of the effects of extreme physical conditions on modern organisms, as well as assumptions about rates of environmental change, give direct evidence of likely killing effects deriving from hyperthermals of the past. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Hyperthermals: rapid and extreme global warming in our geological past’.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
ALVAREZ, LW;ALVAREZ, W;MICHEL, HV
通讯作者：
MICHEL, HV
二叠纪三叠纪质量灭绝期间的四脚架分布和温度升高。
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2017.2331
发表时间：
2018-01-10
期刊：
Proceedings. Biological sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bernardi M;Petti FM;Benton MJ
通讯作者：
Benton MJ
影响因子：
16
作者：
Boothby TC;Tapia H;Brozena AH;Piszkiewicz S;Smith AE;Giovannini I;Rebecchi L;Pielak GJ;Koshland D;Goldstein B
通讯作者：
Goldstein B
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Erlykin, Anatoly D.;Harper, David A. T.;Wolfendale, Arnold W.
通讯作者：
Wolfendale, Arnold W.
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Algeo, Thomas J.;Twitchett, Richard J.
通讯作者：
Twitchett, Richard J.