Disrupting HIV-1 capsid formation causes cGAS sensing of viral DNA.
Disrupting HIV-1 capsid formation causes cGAS sensing of viral DNA.
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DOI:
10.15252/embj.2019103958
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发表时间:
2020-10-15
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Towers GJ
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sumner RP;Harrison L;Touizer E;Peacock TP;Spencer M;Zuliani-Alvarez L;Towers GJ
Detection of viral DNA by cyclic GMP‐AMP synthase (cGAS) is a first line of defence leading to the production of type I interferon (IFN). As HIV‐1 replication is not a strong inducer of IFN, we hypothesised that an intact capsid physically cloaks viral DNA from cGAS. To test this, we generated defective viral particles by treatment with HIV‐1 protease inhibitors or by genetic manipulation of gag. These viruses had defective Gag cleavage, reduced infectivity and diminished capacity to saturate TRIM5α. Importantly, unlike wild‐type HIV‐1, infection with cleavage defective HIV‐1 triggered an IFN response in THP‐1 cells that was dependent on viral DNA and cGAS. An IFN response was also observed in primary human macrophages infected with cleavage defective viruses. Infection in the presence of the capsid destabilising small molecule PF‐74 also induced a cGAS‐dependent IFN response. These data demonstrate a protective role for capsid and suggest that antiviral activity of capsid‐ and protease‐targeting antivirals may benefit from enhanced innate and adaptive immunity in vivo. HIV‐1 uses its capsid to physically protect viral reverse transcripts from detection by the DNA sensor cGAS, thus disruption of capsid integrity/stability enhances innate immune sensing that may be harnessed therapeutically.
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DOI:
10.15252/embj.201490361
发表时间:
2015-08-04
期刊:
The EMBO journal
影响因子:
--
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Fletcher AJ;Christensen DE;Nelson C;Tan CP;Schaller T;Lehner PJ;Sundquist WI;Towers GJ
通讯作者:
Towers GJ